Beam micro-balances

The manufacturers of the Cahn micro-balance make available an accessory to convert it into a sedimentation balance [72]. The balance pan is immediately below the sedimentation cylinder in order to eliminate convection currents. Shimadzu also make a beam balance [73] that operates using a simple compensating system that is prone to considerable error. 

The Au films were evaporated from different resistively heated sources as well as from an electron beam evaporator. The Au frlm thicknesses and the growth rates were determined during growth by a quartz micro balance. 

Infrared spectra were recorded on the resist film spun onto a silicon wafer using a JASCO IR-810 spectrometer equipped with a JASCO BC-3 beam condenser or a JASCO A-3 spectrometer. In the measurements on the latter spectrometer an uncoated silicon wafer was placed in the reference beam in order to balance the silicon absorption band. The subtraction between the spectra was carried out on a built-in micro-processor attached to the IR-810 spectrometer, and the resulting difference spectrum was used to detect structural changes in the polymer molecule upon exposure. The subtraction technique was also used to balance the silicon absorption band. 

In Fig. 3(a) the particle is trapped on the beam axis of the laser beam that was emitted from optical fiber A. On the beam axis, the total y-directed optical forces act on the micro-particle were precisely balanced and the mecro-particle was pushed towards +x-direction. The difference between the x-directed and y-directed moving velocity can be understood by considering the difference of the optical forces acting on a micro-particle. 

Figure 4.17 Experimental setup for forming the polarization grating in photoahgnmg layer SDl X/2, half-wave plate for power balance between interfering beams BE, beam expander BS, beam splitter PG, Gian prism X/4, quarter-wave plates [57]. Reproduced from V. Presnyakov, K. Asatiyan, T. Galstian, and V. Chigrinov, Optical polarization grating induced liquid crystal micro-structure using azo-dye command layer. Optics Express 14, 10558 (2006), Optical Society of America...

---