Battery management thermal, liquid systems

General Motors uses a liquid-cooled thermal management system to both heat and cool the cells. The Li-ion cells are separated with a plastic frame which includes an aluminum heat sink plate in which the cooling liquid passes to transfer the heat away from the cells. The battery s liquid cooling system is a separate cooling loop from the ice s cooling system. 

The Li-ion battery of the Focus EV, shown in Figure 7.6, is actively cooled and heated using a liquid thermal management system, similar to that of the Volt. The thermal... 

The liquid-based thermal management system of the Voltec battery system is fully integrated into the vehicle s heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system (HVAC) via its thermal interface, a coolant-in and coolant-out hose [2]. The coolant is normally... 

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