Nitrogen compounds basicity

Alkaloids are basic nitrogen compounds of great structural complexity which occur in plants. About two dozen of different classes of alkaloids are covered in the "Specialist Periodical Reports of the English Chemical Society. 

Although only ppm levels of nitrogen are found in the mid-distillates, both neutral and basic nitrogen compounds have been isolated and identified in fractions boiling below 345°C (12). Pyrroles and indoles account for about two-thirds of the nitrogen. The remaining nitrogen is found in the basic pyridine and quinoline compounds. Most of these compounds are alkylated. 

Cyanuric acid is only slightly soluble (<0.1%) at room temperature ia common organic solvents such as acetone, benzene, diethyl ether, ethanol, and hexane (13). SolubiUty is significant ia basic nitrogen compounds (eg, dimethylformamide 7.2%) or unusual solvents such as DMSO (17.4%). SolubiUty ia... 

Nitrogen compounds in crudes may generally be classified into basic and non-basic categories. Basic nitrogen compounds are mainly those having a pyridine ring, and the non-basic compounds have a pyrrole structure. Both pyridine and pyrrole are stable compounds due to their aromatic nature. 

Primary Raw Materials for Petrochemicals 17 Non-Basic Nitrogen Compounds... 

The presence of increased basic nitrogen compounds, such as pyridines and quinoline in the FCC feedstock, also attack catalyst acid sites. The result is a temporary loss of catalyst activity and a subsequent increase... 

Carbazole is a non-basic nitrogen compound, whose removal via hydrotreating is limited by its low reactivity. The removal of nitrogen by hydrotreatment involves a number of steps that take place on the catalyst surface. The weak interaction of neutral nitrogen compounds with catalysts precludes carbazole and its derivatives from being denitro-genated and makes them the most recalcitrant components in HDN of gas oils [308], In fact, it has been found that the nitrogen content of hydrotreated gas oil from Athabasca bitumen was composed primarily of alkyl carbazoles [309],... 

Several species of the genus Pseudomonas have been isolated that degrade carbazole and its alkyl derivatives and a variety of other microorganisms have been reported to mineralize non-basic nitrogen compounds, including species of Bacillus, Xanthomonas, Burkholderia, Comamonas, Beijerinckia, Mycobacterium, and Serratia [310],... 

Detection in the Field M18A2, M256, M256A1, M8 and M9 paper, and Draeger Tube Organic Basic Nitrogen Compounds... 

Nitrogen Mustard Organic Basic Nitrogen Compounds. 

In saline sediments aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons carbohydrates haloaromatic compounds chlorophenols basic nitrogen compounds various organosulphur compounds mixtures of organic compounds total sulphur arsenic and organic compounds of lead, mercury and tin. ... 

Chloroanisole Polychlorobiphenyls Chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and chlorodibenzofurans Basic nitrogen compounds Alkyl and aryl phosphates... 

Prior work has been concentrated mostly on the isolation of distinct NSO compound classes from soluble organic matter. Often, selective extraction methods are applied as described for the isolation of, for example, phenols, [39,40] fatty acids [41] and basic nitrogen compounds such benzoquinolines... 

Figure 16.3 Relative reactivity of basic and non-basic nitrogen compounds in the hydrocracker environment.

Aniszewski, T., Ciesiolka, D. and Gulewicz, K. 2001. Equilibrium between basic nitrogen compounds in lupin seeds with differentiated alkaloid content. Phytochemistry, 57 43-50. 

Ammonia evolved in coal gasification usually is washed out with water, taking with it H2S, CC>2, and HCN. Phenols and basic nitrogen compounds are also present if a pyrolyzing gasifier is used. Such water usually is purified by steam stripping, which liberates a vapor mixture of NH3, H2S, CO2 with some HCN. Usable ammonia may be separated by fractional distillation (the WT process) or by differential absorption (the Phosam process) in these cases a rich H2S is prepared for Claus processing. 

Dimercury(I) salts react with basic nitrogen compounds such as ammonia to form insoluble black products, which were originally considered to be dimercury(I) coordination compounds,76 but by X-ray examination it was shown that, in addition to finely dispersed black metallic... 

Figure 23-1 Some naturally occurring basic nitrogen compounds (alkaloids)...

Basic nitrogen compounds similar to the plant alkaloids also occur in animals, although the description animal alkaloid seldom is used. Certain amines and ammonium compounds play key roles in the function of the central nervous system (Figure 23-3) and the balance of amines in the brain is critical for normal brain functioning. Also, many essential vitamins and hormones are basic nitrogen compounds. Nitrogen bases also are vital constituents of nucleic acid polymers (DNA and RNA) and of proteins (Chapter 25). 

Exercise 23-5 Prominent peaks in the mass spectrum of a basic nitrogen compound have m/e values of 87, 72, 57, and 30. The nmr spectrum shows only three proton resonances, having intensity ratios of 9 2 2 at 0.9,1.3, and 2.3 ppm. Assign a structure to the compound and account for the fragment ions m/e 72, 57, and 30. 

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