Basic formulae of detergents and cleansers

The composition of a modern heavy duty detergent (HDD) may be very complex, containing different types of substances. Table 3.3 shows the typical major components of detergents and cleansers [4]. 

In addition to this complex formulation, the components themselves are mixtures as they are usually of technical grade and this makes the description and interpretation of the interfacial processes even more complex. 

In the following sections, the major characteristics of the single interfacial processes of the washing process are summarised, concentrating on the more general features applicable to different detergent types. 

---