Barley starch cationization

Vasanthan, T., Bhatty, R.S., Tyler, R.T., and Chang, P. 1997. Isolation and cationization of barley starches at laboratory and pilot scale. Cereal Chem. 74 25-28. 

Cationization of waxy maize, corn and barley starches in aqueous alcohol slurries is most effective at 35-65% ethanol for all starch types a 1 1 starch to water ratio gave highest DS values.51 A process for making cationic or amphoteric starches in aqueous, alkaline alcoholic solvents has also been described.52... 

Cationic starches are widely used as wet-end additives in the pulp and paper industry to enhance starch and filler retention during papermaking. Use of cationic starches increases paper strength and decreases biological oxygen demand (BOD) of paper mill effluent. Presently only cationic corn and potato starches are used by Canadian paper mills. The degree of substitution (DS) of normal, waxy, high-amylose barley... 

Figure 16.14 Increase in degree of substitution with reaction time during cationization of barley and normal maize starches in an alkaline-alcoholic semiaqueous medium. (Adapted from reference 97 with permission)...

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