Bacterial contamination infusion fluid

Both batches of virus should be tested for bacterial contamination (Chapter 9) by inoculating an aliquot of virus into brain-heart infusion broth (leave at 37° C for one week) and into Saboraud fluid medium (32°C for one week) (Appendix 4). 

Although this procedure is necessary for production of samples of pure virions it is usually unnecessary if a viral preparation is only required for subsequent infections. In such circumstances the cells should be harvested aseptically and processed to step e, omitting the DNase and RNase. The debris from the disrupted cells is pelleted at 15,000g for 30 min and the supernatant used as a source of virus. It should be tested for bacterial contamination with brain-heart infusion broth and Saboraud fluid medium (Appendix 4). The virus should be stored at -70°C at about 1010 p.f.u./ml. 

Pandit et al. (1976) have determined the incidence of adverse reactions to various intravenous fluids in a prospective study in India. The incidence of fever, rigors, and itching was 5.8% n = 138) and 15.2% n = 59) for glucose and glucose with saline in orthopedic patients. The corresponding incidence, expressed in terms of units infused, was 2.5% and 9%. Since fever and rigors were the predominant symptoms they were considered to be attributable to pyrogens or bacterial contamination. 

IL-2, with or without leukapheresis and reinfusion of lymphokine-activafed killer cells, has been used in the treatment of solid fumors such as metastatic melanoma, metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal carcinoma. Unless bacterial or viral contamination is inadvertently introduced at the time of cell culfure, lymphokine activated killer cell infusion is associated with only minor side effects of mild chills and fever and occasional dyspnea or bronchospasm similar to that seen with granulocyte transfusion reactions [35]. IL-2 infusions are associated with significant dose-de-pendent toxicity characterized by fevers, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hepatic dysfunction, pulmonary edema, somnolence, confusion, dysrhythmias, myocardial infarction, hematopoietic suppression, and renal insufficiency [35]. IL-2 appears to cause a generalized increase in capillary permeability, reduced systemic vascular resistance, fluid shifts and low effective circulating blood volume. It is not known if fhe vascular effects are a direct effect of IL-2 or due to IL-2 induced release of other mediators such as interferon (IFN), IL-1, TNF-a, and lymphofoxin [36, 37]. 

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