Bacterial alkylresorcinols

Similar inhibitory activity was observed for cobra venom phospholipase A2 and the mixture of bacterial alkylresorcinols in lecithin black lipid membrane and phospholipid emulsion systems. Almost complete inhibition (95%) of the enzyme studied was observed at a concentration of about 8 mM of resorcinolic lipids [351]. 

Dihydric phenolic lipids of the cardol type are the most abundant in plant, fungal and bacterial kingdoms. The first species in which the members of the title subclass of phenolic lipids, resorcinolic lipids, were found was Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae) [6,9,10,17]. Later, the presence of resorcinolic lipids (5-n-alk(en)ylresorcinols) was shown also in other species, first, in the Anacardiaceae [14], which is an important source of various phenolic lipids, not only of alkylresorcinols but also of alkylphenols and alkylcatechols. For example, the cashew and the processing of cashew nuts are the main source of phenolic lipids for the formaldehyde-polymer industry. Aspects of Anacardium occidentale in relation to synthesis, semi-synthesis and chemical industry have been reviewed Tyman [1,11,14] as well as a recent book [2]. 

Since 1969 the existence of resorcinolic lipids has been demonstrated in microbial organisms [24]. Leprosols, are resorcinolic lipids derivatives which have been identified in Mycobacterium leprae. Later the occurrence of simple 5-alkylresorcinols has been demonstrated in strains of soil bacteria from Azotobacter [104-107] and Pseudomonas families [104-111]. Bacterial resorcinolic lipids have been thought to be related exclusively to the transformation of vegetative cells into their dormant forms, cysts [106]. However, our previous studies on other Azotobacter and Pseudomonas strains [107], as well as recent, unpublished data indicate the occurrence of resorcinolic lipids also in vegetative cells, non-... 

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