Bacteria Oscillatoria

Oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) Synechocystis Anabaena, Nostoc Oscillatoria... 

Cyanobacterial (Blue-Green Bacteria) Toxins. Cyanobacterial poisonings were first recognized in the late 1800s. Human poisonings are rare however, kills of livestock, other mammals, birds, fish, and aquatic invertebrates are common. It is caused by a variety of biotoxins and cytotoxins, including anatoxin, microcystin, and nodularin produced by several species of cyanobacteria, including Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Nodularia, Oscillatoria, and Microcystis. The main contamination problems include all eutrophic freshwater rivers, lakes, and streams. 

As to the enzymes of PolyP metabolism in photosynthetic bacteria, polyphosphate kinase activity was revealed in the cyanobacteria Anacystis nidulans (Vaillancourt el al., 1978) and Oscillatoria redekei (Zaiss, 1985). The mutant in this enzyme had no PolyP granules observable by electron microscopy (Vaillancourt el al., 1978). The alignment analysis revealed the genes encoding putative polyphosphate kinase (ppkl and ppk.2) in several genomes of cyanobacteria (Zhang el al., 2002) (see Table 6.1 above). 

Sivonen, K. (1990). Effect of light, temperature, nitrate, orthophosphate and bacteria on growth of hepatotoxin production by Oscillatoria agardhii strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56 , 2658-66. 

Asummary of the nitrogen cycle is shown in Fig. 3.17. Nitrogen fixation, which converts N2 into NH4+, is performed by a restricted number of eubacteria and ar-chaebacteria (sometimes in symbiotic associations). Anaerobes such as the photosynthetic bacteria, together with some species of Clostridium and sulphate reducers, can perform the process. However, the most important nitrogen-fixing bacteria are aerobes the cyanobacteria (e.g. Oscillatoria) in aquatic environments and Rhizobium in plant root nodules in soils (free-living soil bacteria such as Azotobacterare... 

Several phototrophic bacteria produce PHB as an intracellular reserve for reducing power.These microorganisms accumulate more glycogen than PHB. Its synthesis is stimulated when reducing equivalents are excess or quickly interrupted when balanced growth is permitted here PHB acts as a buffer system for regulating the intracellular redox balance. Several cyanobacteria were reported to produce PHB. This includes Chlorococcus, Oscillatoria, Anabaena, Pseudoamebaena, and Synechocystis ... 

---