Bacillus subtilis protoplasts

Bacillus subtilis transformants were identified by their resistance to naphthalene, parachlorobiphenyl, or dibenzofuran. Controls subtilis protoplasts regenerated without the addition of B. megaterium plasmid DNA) exhibited no increased reistance to these three compounds. That each transformant was B. subtilis and not a contaminant was verified by testing for the B. subtilis chromosomal markers. Only streptomycin resistant strains that showed arginine and leucine dependent growth were used in subsequent experiments. 

Akamatsu, T. and Sekiguchi, J. (1987) Characterization of chromosome and plasmid transformation in Bacillus subtilis using gently lysed protoplasts. Arch. Microbiol, 146 (4), 353-357. 

Akamatsu, T. and Taguchi, H. (2001) Incorporation of the whole chromosomal DNA in protoplast lysates into competent cells of Bacillus subtilis. Biosci. Biotechnol, Biochem., 65 (4), 823-829. 

Takeno, M., Taguchi, H., and Akamatsu, T. (2011) Essential involvement of the Bacillus subtilis ABC transporter, EcsB, in genetic transformation of purified DNA but not native DNA from protoplast lysates. /. Biosci. Bioeng., 112 (3), 209-214. 

Tsukagoshi, N., G. Tamura, and K. Arima A Novel Protoplast-Bursting Factor (Surfactin) Obtained from Bacillus subtilis lAM 1213.1. The Effects of Surfactin on Bacillus megaterium KM. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 196, 204 (1970). 

Aida, T. Antibiotic production by spore-forming bacteria. Part IX. Formation of bacitracin-active substance by protoplast membrane of Bacillus subtilis st. Tracy. J. Agr. Chem. Soc. Japan 36, 793 (1962). 

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