Azines 2-hydroxy derivatives

Tribenzo-l,4,7-triazacycl[3,3,3]azine ( tricycloquinazoline ) (59) has been shown to be carcinogenic for mouse skin.81 It was synthesized in a number of ways starting with anthranilic acid derivatives82,83 or with anthranil.84 Hydroxy derivatives and [,4C]tricycloquinazoline were... 

Hydrogenation of 9-benzyloxy-3,4-dihydro-l /T,8/T-pyrido[l, 2-aJpyr-azine-l,8-diones over Pd/C catalyst (10%) in MeOH gave 9-hydroxy derivatives (06WOP2006/066414). Transfer hydrogenation of 2-(4-nitrophenyl)perhydropyrido[l,2-fl]pyrazine over Pd/C catalyst with H2NNH2 H20 in EtOH yielded the respective 2-(4-aminophenyl) derivative (06JMC6351). 

An important place among chelating ligands belongs to N,0-donors (Sec. 2.2.5.3) which, similarly to discussed above with N,N-donor ligand systems, allow us to create programmed metal-cycles of different size (Sec. 2.2.5.3 414, 418, 422, 424, 427, 428, 432, 433, 436, 438, 445, 446-449). To obtain metal chelates with four-member chelate unit, the interaction of, for example, 2-hydroxy derivatives of azines and metal salts is used (3.45) [52] ... 

Thiono-mercapto and amino-imino tautomerism of azines. In the same heterocyclic systems, the stability of thiols with respect to the corresponding thione form is considerably higher than hydroxy derivatives with respect to their oxo forms. In the gas phase 2- and 4-mercaptopyridine are the major tautomers, e.g., 191. 15N NMR spectroscopy is useful for estimating the tautomeric composition of mercaptopyridines in solution. 2-Mercaptopyr-idine in acetone or methanol and 4-mercaptopyridine 191 in methanol or acetone/DMSO were estimated to be ca. 95% in the thione form, e.g., 192. This solvent effect can be attributed to the polarity of the thione tautomers <2006AHC(91)1>. 

As mentioned previously, the cyclization of phenethyl ketone oximes with [Bu4N]Re04 and CF3SO3H and the cyclic imine formation from 0-sulfonyl oximes both proceed by intramolecular S 2-type reaction on the nitrogen atom of the oximes (Scheme 33). ° In contrast, both of the E- and Z-isomers cyclized smoothly and only 8-hydroxyquinoline was obtained regioselectively without forming 6-hydroxy derivatives. These phenomena are not consistent with a nucleophilic substitution reaction, and the cyclization of 0-2,4-dinitrophenyloxime 80a seemed to proceed by another reaction pathway (Scheme 37). To check isomerization of the 0-2,4-dini-trophenyloxime 84, the Z-isomer was treated with NaH and m-cresol. The isomerization of (Z)-84 hardly occurred, but 4-phenylbutan-2-one azine (85) and 4-phenyl-2-butanone (86) were obtained in 27 and 11%... 

Table 11 summarizes the main results on the tautomerism of mono-hydroxy-, -mercapto-, -amino- and -methyl-azines and their benzo derivatives, in water. At first sight the equilibrium between 2-hydroxypyridine (71) and pyridin-2-one (72) is one between a benzenoid and a non-benzenoid molecule respectively (71a 72a). However, the pyridinone evidently... 

However, in some cases azines can be converted to hydrazones by treatment with excess hydrazine and NaOH. Arylhydrazines, especially phenyl, p-nitrophenyl, and 2,4-dinitrophenyl, are used much more often and give the corresponding hydrazones with most aldehydes and ketones.Since these are usually solids, they make excellent derivatives and are commonly employed for this purpose. Cyclic hydrazones are also known, ° as are conjugated hydrazones. a-Hydroxy aldehydes and ketones and ot-dicarbonyl compounds give osazones, in which two adjacent carbons have carbon-nitrogen double bonds ... 

Table 11 summarizes the main results on the tautomerism of mono-hydroxy-, -mercapto-, -amino- and -methyl-azines and their benzo derivatives, in water. At first sight the equilibrium between 2-hydroxypyridine (71) and pyridin-2-one (72) is one between a benzenoid and a non-benzenoid molecule respectively (71a 72a). However, the pyridinone evidently has a continuous cyclic p- orbital system, containing six it- electrons, the usual aromatic count, if the carbonyl group contributes none. This assumption implies the formula (72b), from which by redistribution of electrons we arrive at (72c), which has the same benzenoid system as (71a). Further canonical forms (71b, 71c) can be drawn of (71) which correspond to the non-benzenoid forms of (72). The elusive property of aromaticity is therefore possessed by both tautomers, although not necessarily by both equally. When the carbonyl oxygen of (72) is replaced by less electronegative atoms, as in the imine tautomers of amino heterocycles, or the methylene tautomers of methyl derivatives, the tendency towards polarization in forms corresponding to (72b) and (72c) is considerably less, and the amino and methyl tautomers are therefore favoured in most instances. 

The tautomers of azole and azine derivatives, stabilized as a result of complex formation, are widely found [11,15,16,18,261-269]. Thus, the metal-cyclic structures with anionic ligands are formed in chelates of 2-hydroxy- 436, 438) and 2-mercapto-substituted (484, 485) derivatives of these nitrogen-containing heterocycles described above. At the same time, the ketone (thion) isomers are stabilized in molecular adducts. In this respect, the syntheses (4.64) [266], (4.65) [267], and (4.66) [269] are quite representative for this group ... 

Reaction of 8-amino-2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3//-pyrido[l,2,3-de]-l, 4-benzox-azin-3-one with tetrahydrophthalic anhydride gave 100 (91EUP406993). The hydroxy group of 9-[2,2,2-trifluoro-l-hydroxy-l-(trifluoromethyl)-ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-5//-pyrido-[l, 2,3-de]-l,4-benzoxazin-5-ones was acy-lated (79GEP2854727). Treatment of 9-fluoro-10-phenyl-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7//-pyrido-[l,2,3-de]-l,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylate with CISO3H afforded the 10-(p-chlorosulphonylphenyl) derivative, which was converted to the 10-(p-aminosulphonylphenyl) derivative with NH3 (86EUP184384). 

This derivative may be obtained from 8-amino-3-hydroxy-l 4-benzisox-azine by the Bart reaction, or by the chloracetylation in alkaline solution of 8-amino-2-hydroxyphenylarsinic acid. It forms white needles from boiling water, melting with decomposition at 298° C. The calcium soli cryst ises in many-sided nodules, the barium salt in white prisms, and the magnesium salt in clusters of needles. The sodium salt forms water-soluble, white needles, the solution being neutral to litmus. 

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