Axis model

The complete system responses are determined by the interactions, i.e. resonances, between the subthreshold and event-generating mechanisms. Again, in the HPA axis model, these interactions, so far, are rather simple and unidirectional. The circadian pacemaker modulates the H PA feedback loops in a nonlinear multiplicative way but is itself not influenced by the dynamics of the cortisol releasing processes. In contrast, in the neuronal and psychiatric models, the two subsystems are interlinked by a common control variable, the membrane voltage and the disease variable, respectively. These interlinks are a major source of very complex, inclusively chaotic dynamics [96, 111, 112]. 

Axis Model Applied to Langmuir-Blodgett Film.348... 

Fig. 7. Plots for the absorbance of the mixed Langmuir-Blodgett film ofall-fro/w-)3-carotene with barium stearate (1 10) detected on irradiation with 445 nm light at any incident angles. Filled circles represent the results obtained on irradiation with s-polarized light. Solid lines show the results ofthe theoretical calculations based on the axis model assuming n= 1.46 and Q./C = 0.5...

The molecular orientation of all-fran5-/J-carotene in the mixed LB film with barium stearate can be analyzed by the use of the axis model. This model was first proposed by Schmidt and Reich (1972) to analyze the molecular orientation of all-trani -lutein in the mixed LB film with cadmium arachidate. In their investigation, they only examined the absorbance at 45° incidence. In our investigation, we measured more fully the angular dependence of the absorbance at other than 45° incidence. Therefore, we believe that our analysis is more reliable than theirs. 

According to the analysis based on the axis model, we determinedthat CJC - 0.85 and CJC = 0.5. This shows that CyC=0.21. Since the angle y between the molecular axis of /3-carotene and the z-axis of the substrate is related as... 

A two-axis model is often used for the induction motors but the two axis parameters are usually created within the program from the customary impedances that are given in per-unit form. 

As seen in Table 1, the macrocycles showing highest efficiencies 11 and 24 (forms H4([21]aneN7) + and H6([24]aneN602) " in Table 1) have very close lengths of the minor axis. Modeling studies indicated that ATP would be located along this common minor axis. 

RAM random anisotropy-axis model i magnetic correlation length... 

The ordinary BO approximate equations failed to predict the proper symmetry allowed transitions in the quasi-JT model whereas the extended BO equation either by including a vector potential in the system Hamiltonian or by multiplying a phase factor onto the basis set can reproduce the so-called exact results obtained by the two-surface diabatic calculation. Thus, the calculated hansition probabilities in the quasi-JT model using the extended BO equations clearly demonshate the GP effect. The multiplication of a phase factor with the adiabatic nuclear wave function is an approximate treatment when the position of the conical intersection does not coincide with the origin of the coordinate axis, as shown by the results of [60]. Moreover, even if the total energy of the system is far below the conical intersection point, transition probabilities in the JT model clearly indicate the importance of the extended BO equation and its necessity. 

Linear regression models a linear relationship between two variables or vectors, x and y Thus, in two dimensions this relationship can be described by a straight line given by tJic equation y = ax + b, where a is the slope of tJie line and b is the intercept of the line on the y-axis. 

In an axisymmetric flow regime all of the field variables remain constant in the circumferential direction around an axis of symmetry. Therefore the governing flow equations in axisymmetric systems can be analytically integrated with respect to this direction to reduce the model to a two-dimensional form. In order to illustrate this procedure we consider the three-dimensional continuity equation for an incompressible fluid written in a cylindrical (r, 9, 2) coordinate system as... 

Most of the molecules we shall be interested in are polyatomic. In polyatomic molecules, each atom is held in place by one or more chemical bonds. Each chemical bond may be modeled as a harmonic oscillator in a space defined by its potential energy as a function of the degree of stretching or compression of the bond along its axis (Fig. 4-3). The potential energy function V = kx j2 from Eq. (4-8), or W = ki/2) ri — riof in temis of internal coordinates, is a parabola open upward in the V vs. r plane, where r replaces x as the extension of the rth chemical bond. The force constant ki and the equilibrium bond distance riQ, unique to each chemical bond, are typical force field parameters. Because there are many bonds, the potential energy-bond axis space is a many-dimensional space. 

Because each carbon m acetylene is bonded to two other atoms the orbital hybridization model requires each carbon to have two equivalent orbitals available for CT bonds as outlined m Figure 2 19 According to this model the carbon 2s orbital and one of Its 2p orbitals combine to generate two sp hybrid orbitals each of which has 50% s character and 50% p character These two sp orbitals share a common axis but their major lobes are oriented at an angle of 180° to each other Two of the original 2p orbitals remain unhybridized... 

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