Profile axial

The axial profiles of the characteristic major frequencies measured along the bed height with the 25.4-cm and the 40.6-cmjet nozzle assemblies under different jet flow rates are shown in Figs. 22 and 23. The frequency profiles reveal that increasing the jet flow rates results in an increase in the... 

Fig. 10. Comparison section with seven tangential planes and axial profile lines indicated.

Using the E-Z Solve software, we may integrate equation 16.2-12 to develop the axial profile for cA or /A equation 16.2-13 gives the value of the final (exit) point on this... 

For a simple system, the continuity equation 21.6-1 may be put in forms analogous to 21.5-2 and 21.54 for the axial profile of fractional conversion, fA, and amount of catalyst, W, respectively ... 

Study the effect of tube diameter on the axial profiles. 

Array programming is used here which allows the graphing of the axial profile. Closed-end boundary conditions are used for the first and last segments. Also included is a PULSE function for simulating tracer experiments. Thus it should be possible to calculate the E curve and from that the reaction conversion obtained on the basis of tracer experiment. The example CSTRPULSE should be consulted for this. 

Array programming is used, which allows the graphing of the axial profiles. Closed-end boundary conditions are used for the first and last segments. 

Fig. 3 High backmixing [aL=5, ac = 5] flattens the steady state concentration profiles and therefore reduces extraction efficiency, as compared to zero backmixing conditions [aL=0, ac = 0], as seen in this axial profile plot.

Use sliders for Npiate, Fplate and R to determine the optimum design conditions for the column. For this the array index [i] can be chosen for the X axis to obtain steady-state axial profiles. 

Fig. 4 Steady-state axial profile for the shell, metal and tube temperature corresponding to Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 The steady state axial profiles for the cold and hot fluids.

Figure 5.11 Calculated degree of polycondensation related to the axis of PET chips, shown as axial profiles for a cylindrical particle T, 220 °C hydraulic diameter (dh). 2.9 mm [12b]. From Weger, F., Solid-state postcondensation of polyesters and polyamides, presentation given at the Frankl and Thomas Polymer Seminar, 16 June, 1994, Greenville, SC, USA, and reproduced with permission of EMS Inventa-Fischer, GmbH Co. KG...

The catalytic bed (70 cm ), supported by a metallic gauze, is located in the reforming section. Water is fed to the reactor at the bottom of the metallic gauze. The temperature inside the reactor is monitored by four thermocouples one (Tcomb) is located on the SiC foam and the other three (T ref L, T ref M, T ref H) are located at 25, 50 and 75%, respectively, of the catalytic bed height to provide the reactor temperature axial profile. Moreover, additional thermocouples monitor... 

Following the development of Villadsen and Michelsen (1978), the assumed axial profiles are... 

Fig. 2. (a) Steady-state axial profiles, type I conditions, (b) Concentration profiles based on inlet moles. 

If we assume axial profiles within each element k = 1,. NE of the form... 

Figure 26 shows the predicted axial gas temperature profiles during reactor start-up for standard type I conditions with varying numbers of axial collocation points. Eight or more axial collocation points provide similar results, and even simulations with six collocation points show minimal inaccuracy. However, reducing the number of collocation points below this leads to major discrepancies in the axial profiles. 

Based on solutions of the semi-infinite, axisymmetric, stagnation flow problem for strain rates in the range Is-1 < a < 100s 1, evaluate and plot axial profiles of the scaled vorticity ft = cog/r. Explain why the vorticity cog vanishes on the centerline. 

Figure 17.22. Representative ammonia converters operating at various pressures and effluent concentrations (Vancini, 1971). (a) Original Uhde design operating at 125 atm typical dimensions, 1.4 x 7 m. (b) Haber-Bosch-Mittasch converter operating at 300 atm typical dimensions, 1.1 x 12.8 m. (c) Claude converter operating at 1000 atm typical dimensions 1.2 x 7 m. (d) Fauser-Montecatini (old style) converter operating at 300 atm with external heat exchange, showing axial profiles of temperature and ammonia concentration.

Blasco et al. [12] proposed two-dimensional mathematical model for the drying process of dense phase pneumatic conveying. However, heat and mass transfer were not considered and therefore their model may be used for dense phase pneumatic transport only. In their paper, both experimental and numerical predictions for axial and radial profiles for gas and solid velocity, axial profiles for solid concentration and pressure drop were presented. 

Figure 5 Hot spot reduction using spatially structured catalyst dilution. Selectivity profiles for base case with constant coolant temperature, cocurrent coolant strategy and axially profiled catalyst activity strategy. The base case chosen in the calculations is the one in which the coolant temperature is constant and the activity profile along the length of the reactor is at the level unity. (From Ref. 5.)...

Figure 8 compares Model M with Model G in terms of their predictions of the axial profiles of voidage under various grid resolutions. For FCC particles, when using Model G, the solids were distributed uniformly across the riser height. It seems that the grid refining has little... 

Figure 8 Axial profiles of cross-sectionally averaged voidage under different grid resolutions for IPE and ETH risers.

Figure 11 A typical snapshot of the simulated solids distribution at the wall of the ETH CFB, along with the axial profile of the cross-sectionally averaged solids volume fraction and the radial profiles of time-average solids volume fraction and solids velocity (pp = 1400 kg/m3, dp = 60 m, Ug = 3.5 m/s, H0 = 1.7 m).

Consider a riser where the voidage in the bottom dense region is uniform and the top dilute region behaves as the freeboard of a dense-phase fluidized bed. The axial profile of the voidage in the top dilute region can be expressed by [Kunii and Levenspiel, 1990] (see 10.4.1)... 

Axial Profiles of Cross-Sectional Averaged Voidage... 

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