Atropine methylbromide

Synonyms. Atropine Methylbromide Methylatropine Bromide Mydriasine. 

Atropine methobromide, 365 Atropine methonitrate, 365 Atropine methylbromide, 365 Atropine oxide, 365 Atropine oxide hydrochloride, 365 Atropine sulpha.te, 364 Atropinol, 363 Atropisol, 364 Atropt, 364... 

Atropine methylbromide crosses the placenta less readily than atropine when given close to term, it has much less effect on the fetal heart rate than on the maternal heart rate (8). 

Bronchodilation is another property of belladonna alkaloids of potential usefulness. Due to relaxation of the smooth musculature of bronchial passageways, this effect has found applications in asthma and other pulmonary obstructive conditions. At one time the smoking of cigarettes made of stramonium leaves was popular. More recently, atropine, quater-nized with isopropyl bromide (Ipratropium, Fig. 8-13) has been introduced as an aerosol for inhalation. This renewed interest in antimuscarinics resulted in part from clarifications of the role of the parasympathetic system in bronchial obstructions. The availability of a potent agent such as atropine in a poorly absorbed form (i.e., quatemized) would minimize systemic effects following inhalation. Ipratropium bromide does not cross the BBB. It is longer acting and more bronchoselective than atropine methylbromide and exhibits no CNS effects. 

Butylscopolamine and methscopolamine bromide, quaternary ammonium derivatives of scopolamine without its central actions and homatropine methylbromide, a quaternary derivative of homatropine, are less potent than atropine in antimus-carinic activity. They are used for their antispasmodic action in gastroenterology. The usual oral doses act for 6-8 hours. However, the quaternary ammonium derivatives are poorly absorbed after an oral dose and their eficacy is therefore very variable. Only parenteral administrations are recommended. 

Homatropine methylbromide is the quaternary derivative of homatropine. It is less potent than atropine in antimuscarinic activity, but it is four times more potent as a ganglionic blocking agent. It is available in some combination products intended for relief of gastrointestinal spasm. 

Homatropine Methylbromide, USP. Homatropini methylbromidc. 3a-hydroxy-8-methyl-1 aN.Sa/f-tropanium bromide mandelate (Novatropine, Mesopin), occurs as a bitter. white, odorless powder and is affected by light. Tbe compound is readily soluble in water and alcohol but insoluble in ether. The pH of a 1% solution is 5.9 and that of a 10% solution is 4.5. Although a solution of the compound yields a precipitate with alkaloidal reagents, such as mercuric potassium iodide test solution, addition of alkali hydroxides or carbonates does not cause the precipitate thil occurs with nonquatemary nitrogen salts (c.g.. atropine, homatropine). 

Homatropine methylbromide is transported poorly aens-the blood-brain barrier because of its quaternary ammonium group and, therefore, has far fewer stimulant properties than atropine. It does have all the characteristic peripheral parasympathetic depressant propterties of atropin and is u.sed to reduce oversecretion and to relieve GI spasms. 

Hydrocodone bitartrate/homatropine methylbromide is an antitussive combination. Hydrocodone suppresses the cough reflex stimulates opiate receptors iu the CNS and peripherally blocks pain impulse geueratiou. Atropine inhibits action of acetylcholine or other cholinergic stimuli at postgauglionic cholinergic receptors. They are used for symptomatic relief of cough. 

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