Atomic Force Micrographs

FIG. 1 Freeze-etching image of a bacterial cell of (a) Desulfotomaculum nigrificans (bar, 100 nm). Atomic force micrographs of the S-layer proteins of (b) Bacillus sphaericus CCM 2177 and (c) Bacillus stearothermophilus PV72/p2 recrystallized in monolayers on silicon wafers. Bars, 50 nm. The insets in (b) and (c) show the corresponding computer-image reconstructions. 

Fig. 2. Effect of deposition time and deposition pressure on (a) dot size (inset shows atomic force micrograph of dots formed at O.STorr) (b) dot density.

Figure 16. Atomic force micrographs of BPSH-40 and Nafion 117.

Figure 15.3 (a) Depiction of nanosphere monolayer, (b) atomic force micrograph of resulting... 

Fig. 10. Representative topography of nanophase and conventional titania. Representative atomic force micrographs of (a) nanophase titania with 39-nm grain sizes and of (b) conventional titania with 4520-nm grain sizes, illustrating the different topographies of nanophase compared to conventional grain size ceramics.

Fig. 3. (A) Far-field confocal micrograph (35 pm x 35 pm) of a mica-supported DPPC monolayer showing LE-LC phase coexistence, deposited at a surface pressure of 9mN/m. (B) Atomic force micrograph of the film depicted in (A). Bright features denote topographically higher substructure of the film. (C) Near-held fluorescence image of the him shown in (A). (D) Near-held topology image collected simultaneously with the image depicted in (C). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [18]. Copyright 1998 Biophysical Society.

FIGURE 2.1 Atomic force micrographs of the cotton fiber cuticular layer on the surface of unprocessed fiber, (a) Cuticular material is deposited in undulating waves (16-p.m scan), (b) Irregular deposition of cuticular material at higher magnification (550-nm scan). (Courtesy of T. Pesacreta, University of Southwestern Louisiana, and L. Groom, USDA-Forest Service.)... 

FIGURE 8-60 Atomic force micrograph of spherulites (Courtesy Prof. Jim Runt, Penn State University). 

Some of the sairqjles was analysed with a Topometrix Discoverer AFM unit. Two examples are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, which correspond to respectively non-agglomerated and agglomerated random samples taken at 4e summer shut down of the boiler in 1998. The upper parts of the pictures shows the atomic force micrograph and the lower parts the topography of the sample, The analysed area is 20 20 pm with a 400 400 pixel resolution. 

Fig. 5-5. Three-dimensional Atomic Force Micrograph of acicular goethites with (001) faces in the plane of the paper (courtesy P. Weidlcr).

Macromolecular crystals are composed of approximately 50% solvent on average, though this may vary over 25% to 90%, depending on the particular macromolecule (Matthews, 1968 McPherson, 1999). The protein or nucleic acid occupies the remaining volume. The entire crystal is permeated with a network of interstitial spaces through which solvent and other small molecules may freely diffuse. This is seen quite dramatically in electron and atomic force micrographs of protein crystals such as those in Figures 1.11 and 1.12 of Chapter 1. 

Fig. 3.51 Atomic force micrographs of surfaces after incubation with bacterial cultures for 24 h. (a) PS-silanized glass slide, x = y - 20 pm, z = 934 nm incubation in S. marcescens.

Fig. 10 Atomic force micrograph (adhesive mode) - surface examination after wear and tear of PTFE polyamide 6 compound (wheel surface). Tribological system disc on wheel light low adhesion dark high adhesion...

Fig. 2. Atomic force micrographs of pentacene layer deposited on Si02 treated with HMDS with three different deposition rates. The scan size is 4 x 4 /an2, (a) deposition rate 1.2 nm/min (b) deposition rate 0.15 nm/min (c) deposition rate 0.05 nm/min. Images were scanned in the vicinity of metallic source-drain contacts. The narrow white stripe indicates.

Fig. 3. Atomic force micrographs of pentacene layer deposited on Si02 at a growth rate of 0.05 nm/min. The scan size is 4 x 4 ftm2. The images correspond to pentacene layer thickness of 10 nm. Image 3(a) represents the sample where HMDS treatment was not applied prior to pentacene layer deposition. Black arrows indicate long continuous channel between metallic contact and pentacene layer where no pentacene islands are observed. White arrows indicate rifts in pentacene layer. Image 3(b) represents the sample where HMDS treatment was applied prior to pentacene layer deposition. Black arrows indicate irregularities at metal/ pentacene interface.

Figure 5 Atomic force micrographs of A) Au vapor deposited on Si(IOO), B) 100 cycle deposit of CdTe on Au on Si. C) 200 cycle deposit of InAs on Au on Si.

Use of an appropriate cladding material will permit a fiber s core to etch faster than its clad. When such an etch is carried out on a fiber-optic bundle, the result is a bundle tip with one well per fiber. Remarkably, when the tip is brought into contact with a suspension of well-sized beads, self-assembly occurs to yield a bead-filled array. While this bulk self-assembly process is not really akin to the molecular assembly processes of current academic interest, the result is perhaps equally striking. The atomic force micrographs (AMF) shown in Fig. 7 reveal an etched bundle tip with 4-pm wells being filled by 3.5-pm polystyrene beads. Experience reveals that many types of bead material will self-assemble into etched bundle tips. 

Figure 7. Atomic Force Micrograph view of an assembled bead array.

Fig. 11 Typical atomic force micrographs showing the consequences of annealing thin PS films on PDMS-coated Si wafers at a temperature close to the glass transition of PS. Rimless holes of some 100 nm in diameter are formed. Two different molecular weights are compared. First row. 16 nm PS with Mw of 125 kg/mol, second row 13 nm PS with Af of 3,900 kg/mol. (a, d) show the as-prepared samples, (b, e) and (c, f) were measured after annealing for 1 and 10 min at 105°C, respectively. The size of the images is 3 pm x 3 pm...

Figure 19 Atomic force micrograph of the surface of a pressed compact tablet containing a mixture of benzoic acid and salicylic acid. Labels indicate positions of localised thermomechanical analysis in Figure 20...

Fig. 28.24 A coloured atomic force micrograph of a carbon nanotube wire (shown in blue) lying over platinum electrodes (in yellow). The diameter of the carbon nanotube is 1.5 nm (1500 pm), corresponding to the wire being 10 atoms wide (rcov C = 77 pm).

Fig. 5.31. Atomic force micrographs of CP24/CP16 negatively charged membranes. Reprinted from [49]. Copyright 2001, with kind permission from Springer-Verlag...

Figure 13.8 Atomic force micrograph of conducting poly(3-hexylthiophene)...

Fig. 1.24 (a) Atomic force micrographs of cellulose nanofibres of PALF (b) TEM of cellulose... 

Fig. 1.26 Atomic force micrographs of unbleached hemp nanofibres [89]...

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