Atomic electronic configurations

This simple model is readily extended to other atoms. The fluorine atom (electron configuration lsz2s22p5) has a half-filled p orbital ... 

The noble gases are the only elements that exist naturally as individual atoms. Electron configurations make it clear why noble gas atoms prefer to remain as single atoms. Each noble gas has a filled shell configuration 1 for He and for the others. All electrons are paired, and there are no vacant... 

The heat of the flame vaporises the compound, producing some sodium and chlorine atoms (electron configuration of Na 1 s2 2s2 2p6 3s1). 

Atomic Electron Configuration Table. http //www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic electron configuration table (accessed November 2, 2005). 

The 3(BI)/3bi contributions of the different orbitals are computed through a systematic inspection of the Periodic Table, i.e. by recording the characteristic variation in the bonding indicator when a new outer orbital appears in the atomic electronic configuration. In this way, the s and p contributions are usually assessed. In the transition series , however, the further complication exists that the unsaturated shells across the series may give different contributions to the bonding, i.e. the contribution 9(BI)/3bi depends on the occupancy number Uv,i in the atomic configuration v. 

The valence-delta value, 6V, is calculated from the atomic electron configuration as follows ... 

Electron Spin and the Pauli Exclusion Principle Orbital Energy Levels in Multielectron Atoms Electron Configurations of Multielectron Atoms Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table... 

Different metal atoms are different sizes. Different size atoms can pack into different crystalline structures. Try packing small marbles and then large tennis balls. Also, atomic electron configuration affects atom packing. Metallic solids bond through electrostatic attraction among metal ions and electrons. 

The term was first used by Van Vleck who explained it thus, referring to carbon in CH4 ...the spins of the four electrons belonging to sp3 were assumed paired with those of the four atoms attached by the carbon. Such a condition of the carbon atom we may conveniently call its valence state. He then showed a calculation which led to the conclusion that The valence state of C has about 7 or 8 more volts of intra-atomic energy than the normal state. This is the energy required to make the C atom acquire a chemically active condition... [1]. Mulliken defines it saying [it is] a certain hypothetical state of interaction of the electrons of an atomic electron configuration and A valence state is an atom state chosen so as to have as nearly as possible the same condition of interaction of the atom s electrons with one another as when the atom is part of a molecule. [2]. 

Phosphorus is directly below nitrogen in the periodic table. (The relationship of the chemistry of phosphorus to that of nitrogen is somewhat like the sulfur-oxygen relationship discussed in the introduction to Chapter 17.) The phosphorus atom electron configuration is Ne 3.s,23/J3, and it has five outer-shell electrons, as shown by its Lewis symbol in Figure 18.1. Because of the availability of underlying 3d orbitals, the valence shell of phosphorus can be expanded to more than eight electrons. 

Many-electron atoms electronic configuration and spectroscopic terms... 

Actual calculations of compressed-atom densities, performed with suitably modified SCF software, show that the increased pressure raises all electronic energy levels, at different rates that depend on the shell structure. The effect is more pronounced on those levels of highest effective quantum number l and it is not uncommon for levels of different l to cross during compression. The interpretation of photoelectron spectra in terms of free-atom electron configurations may therefore be misleading in the study of surface chemistry and catalytic effects, for which they are routinely used. 

Table 3. Sternheimer shielding in atoms electronic configurations labelled a and b correspond to two slightly different Hartree-Fock functions used as basis functions... 

This model takes a more fundamental approach by regarding a molecule as a collection of valence electrons and positive cores. Just as the nature of atomic orbitals derives from the spherical symmetry of the atom, so will the properties of these new molecular orbitals be controlled by the interaction of the valence electrons with the multiple positive centers of these atomic cores. These new orbitals, unlike those of the hybrid model, are delocalized that is, they do not belong to any one atom but extend over the entire region of space that encompasses the bonded atoms. The available (valence) electrons then fill these orbitals from the lowest to the highest, very much as in the Aufbau principle that you learned for working out atomic electron configurations. For small mole-... 

Cheml. Atomic electron configurations. Available online. 

Atom Electronic configuration of f shell in ion s L J Calculated magnetic moment gVf(j+i) Experimental magnetic moment... 

Atom Electronic configuration of unfilled d shell Number of unpaired electrons fl xperimental Ms ... 

We determine the electron configuration for moiecular tt electrons in the same way that we do for atomic electron configurations we count the totai number of electrons and then use these to fill each orbital with a maximum of two electrons, starting with the lowest energy orbital and filling the orbitals In order of increasing energy. 

The Structure of the Atom, Electron Configuration and the Build-up to the Periodic Table... 

The minimum basis set (MBS) includes one Slater function for each orbital in the accepted atomic electron configuration. For carbon, then,... 

The double zeta plus polarization (DZ + P) basis set includes one set of functions with higher / value than found in the atomic electron configuration. For carbon, this basis includes Is, Is, 2s, 2s, 2px, 2px, ... 

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