Astrocytes GFAP

Figure 13.1. Chaiacterization of human cortical neural progenitor cells. (A) Cells were isolated from human fetal cortex and culture in NPIM containing EGF, bFGF, and LIF. Cells expressed Nestin, a neural stem/progenitor cell marker. (B-C) After switelling to a differentiation medium, NPC were differentiated into neurons (( -tubulin, B) and astrocytes (GFAP, C).

Fig. 15 Central nervous system reaction at the implant/tissue interface four weeks after implantation of a silicon microelectrode. The microelectrode was placed at the left drawn to scale) and the foreign body response is indicated by activated microglia (ED-1 stain), astrocytes (GFAP), local neuron loss (NeuN), and reduced neurofilament (NF) density [109]...

As another application of LCM to CNS injury, Ho et al. (ref. 533) studied the affinity of LCM to the site of a localized (thermal) brain injury. It had been well documented that in response to injury in the CNS, astrocytes are activated which is accompanied by an increased content of GFAP, hypertrophy, and hyperplasia (ref. 679-683). (This process of gliosis (ref. 682) results in scar formation it has been speculated that the scar may inhibit axonal regeneration (ref. 684)) (ref. 533). Ho et al. observed that the influx of LCM began at the time when GFAP-positive cells began to appear. It seemed likely that LCM are initially attracted to the reactive astrocytes, but subsequently the LCM were found to be excluded... 

Fig. 18A-D Expression of astrocyte markers in adult mouse DG. A Staining for S100/J demonstrates the lower density of positive cells in DGL as compared to neighboring DG layers. However, no difference could be seen among the molecular layer (ML), SGZ, and CA4 (PI counterstain is shown in C). B Stained for GFAP shows no difference in respect to the density of positive cells among ML, SGZ, and CA4 (PI counterstain is shown in D). Scale bar = 50 pm...

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