Arsenic deprivation

Uthus EO, Cornatzer WE and Nielsen EH (1983) Consequences of arsenic deprivation in laboratory animals. In Lederer WH, ed. Arsenic symposium, production and use, biomedical and environmental perspectives. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 173-189. 

Nielsen FH, Schuler TR (1978) Arsenic deprivation studies in chicks. Fed. Proc. 37 893 (Abstract)... 

Uthus EO, Nielsen FH (1980) Arsenic deprivation and arsenic-zinc interaction in the chick. In Anke M, Schneider HJ, Brucker C (eds) Jena (As 3)... 

For Mahan, it made no sense for the United States to deprive itself of the ability to use, at some later date, a weapon that might prove to be more humane and effective than anything then present in the American arsenal. 

Cavendish determined the composition of potassium arsenate as follows. He says 3-i8 i6 (i.e. 3 oz. 18 dwt. 16 gr.) of a solution of dry pearl ashes (K2CO3) in an equal weight of water were saturated by 2-i8-i i of aqua fortis of sp. gr. 1 398. The loss on mixing in a Florence flask was 10 9. On evaporation 2 11 19 of dry crystals of nitre were obtained, so that i part of saltpetre contains 936 of aqua fortis, 759 of dry pearl ashes, 559 of ditto freed from air [carbon dioxide] . 20 0 0 of nitre distilled with the same quantity of arsenic gave a cake of 30 0 0 of dry salt and 3 9 4 of arsenic [AS2O3] sublimed. Thus 16 10 20 of arsenic remained in the salt, and i part of neut. arsen. salt contains 506 of dry f. alk. saturated with air or 373 of the same alcali deprived of air, 551 of arsen. . 

The quality of the experimental evidence for nutritional essentiality varies widely for the ultratrace elements. The evidence for the essentiality of three elements, iodine, molybdenum and selenium, is substantial and noncontroversial specific biochemical functions have been defined for these elements. The nutritional importance of iodine and selenium are such that they have separate entries in this encyclopedia. Molybdenum, however, is given very little nutritional attention, apparently because a deficiency of this element has not been unequivocally identified in humans other than individuals nourished by total parenteral nutrition or with genetic defects causing disturbances in metabolic pathways involving this element. Specific biochemical functions have not been defined for the other 15 ultratrace elements listed above. Thus, their essentiality is based on circumstantial evidence, which most often is that a dietary deprivation in an animal model results in a suboptimal biological function that is preventable or reversible by an intake of physiological amounts of the element in question. Often the circumstantial evidence includes an identified essential function in a lower form of life, and biochemical actions consistent with a biological role or beneficial action in humans. The circumstantial evidence for essentiality is substantial for arsenic, boron, chromium, nickel, silicon, and vanadium. The evidence for essentiality for the... 

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