Arginine deiminase pathway

Mercenier A, J-P Simon, CV Wauven, D Haasm, V Stalon (1980) Regulation of enzyme synthesis in the arginine deiminase pathway of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Bacteriol 144 159-163. 

Figure 3 The arginine deiminase pathway consists of three enzymes arginine deiminase (ADI), ornithine transcarbamoylase (OTC), and carbamate kinase (CK).

De Angelis, M., Mariotti, L., Rossi, J., Servili, M. F. P. F., Rollan, G., Gobbetti, M. (2002). Arginine catabolism by sourdough lactic acid bacteria purification and characterization of the arginine deiminase pathway enzymes from Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis CBl. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68, 6193-6201. 

Liu, S.-Q, G.G. Pritchard, M.J. Hardman, and G.J. Pilone. 1995b. Occurrence of arginine deiminase pathway enzymes in arginine catabolism by wine lactic acid bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61 310-316. 

Arginine catabolism by sourdough lactic acid bacteria purification and characterization of the arginine deiminase pathway enzymes from Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis CBl. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 68, pp. 6193-6201. 

The agmatine pathway is similar to the arginine deiminase pathway (ADI), which is comprised of three reactions catalyzed by arginine deiminase, ornithine carbamoyl-transferase, and CK. The ADI pathway is widely distributed among LAB and has been described in strains from the Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Oenococcus, Streptococcus, and Weissella genera. 

Arena, M. E., Manca de Nadra, M.C., and Munoz, R. (2002). The arginine deiminase pathway in the wine lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus hilgardii XIB structural and functional study of the arcABC genes. Gene 301, 61-66. 

Rimaux, T., Rivi re, A., Hebert, E.M., et al. (2013) A putative transport protein is involved in citrulline exaetion and re-uptake during arginine deiminase pathway activity by Lactobacillus sakei. Res Microbiol 164, 216-225. 

Rimaux, T., Vrancken, G., Pothakos, V., et al. (2011b) The kinetics of the arginine deiminase pathway in the meat starter culture Lactobacillus sakei CTC 494 are pH-dependent Food Microbiol 28, 597-604. 

Rimaux, T., Riviere, A., Illeghems, K., et al. (2012) Expression of the arginine deiminase pathway genes in Lactobacillus sakei is strain dependent and is affected by the environmental pH. Appl Environ Microbiol 78, 4874-4883. 

Zuniga, M., Champomier-Verges, M.C., Zagorec, M., and Pdrez-Martinez, G. (1998) Structural and functional analysis of the gene cluster encoding the enzymes of the arginine deiminase pathway of Lactobacillus sake. J Bacterial 180, 4154-4159. 

Zuniga, M., Miralles, M.C., and Perez-Martfnez, G. (2002) The product of arcR, the sixth gene of the arc operon of Lactobacillus sakei, is essential for expression of the arginine deiminase pathway. Appl Environ Microbiol 68, 6051-6058. 

Tonon, X, Bourdineaud, J.P., and Lonvaud-Funel, A. (2001) The arcABC gene cluster encoding the arginine deiminase pathway of Oenococcus oeni, and arginine induction of a CRP-like gene. Res Microbiol 152, 653-661. 

Arginine deiminase (ADI) pathway (Mercenier et al. 1980) arginine —> citrulline ornithine + carbamoyl phosphate... 

The activation of the arginine deiminase (ADI) pathway also contributes to the restoration of optimal cytoplasm pH in Lactobacillus (De Angelis and Gobbetti 2004 Lee et al. 2008b Lee and Pi 2010). As this metabolic pathway is absent in Bifidobacterium, the s3mthesis of higher amounts of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and glutamine... 

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