Area coated definition

In this paper, we presented new information, which should help in optimising disordered carbon materials for anodes of lithium-ion batteries. We clearly proved that the irreversible capacity is essentially due to the presence of active sites at the surface of carbon, which cause the electrolyte decomposition. A perfect linear relationship was shown between the irreversible capacity and the active surface area, i.e. the area corresponding to the sites located at the edge planes. It definitely proves that the BET specific surface area, which represents the surface area of the basal planes, is not a relevant parameter to explain the irreversible capacity, even if some papers showed some correlation with this parameter for rather low BET surface area carbons. The electrolyte may be decomposed by surface functional groups or by dangling bonds. Coating by a thin layer of pyrolytic carbon allows these sites to be efficiently blocked, without reducing the value of reversible capacity. 

Next we complicate this situation further by allowing reaction, not throughout the Hquid, but on a film of porous catalyst that coats the wall. This film has thickness I and a surface area per volume as in Chapter 7. We assume that C Rg, so that the definitions given of volume and t apply. This reactor is sketched in Figure 12-13. 

In accordance with the test specifications, the area of char is that portion which shows definite decomposition or shrinkage, and is black to dark brown in color. However, the extent of the charred area is not always clearly distinguishable and this leads to variable reporting of the same charred area. The Class F fire test has been very useful in mill control work, permitting quick evaluation of mill surface coatings. 

I hope you find the chapters in this volume of interest to your work. Of course, this volume does not cover all topics in the field of microprocess technology and micro fluidics. For example, recent developments in the field of catalytic coating development or the use of alternative energies such as microwaves or spinning action have not been covered. These new developments will definitely be the subject of upcoming reviews and exemplify the ongoing research in a very challenging area. 

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