Approaches for Improving Production

In principle, precursor feeding is another approach to increase the titer of final products however, since the expression of the involved genes is subjected to strict regulation, increasing precursor concentration does not usually increase the metabolic fluxes proportionally. In a final approach, immobilization of plant cells is a method that enhances cell-to-cell contact. The associated changes in cellular physiology can bring up the levels of certain secondary metabolites [19]. 

Besides the production of anticancer compounds in native organisms, heterologous synthesis, mainly in microbes, brings new opportunities and technical 

---