Application in Hi-Tech Electronics Industry

There are manufacturers focusing on low value mass production parts and manufacturers doing their own R D and providing high value specialized parts as well as those focusing on assembly (e.g., FoxCram ). In consumer electronics products, the final assembly cost often is just 5-10 % of the cost of the part used in the assembly. 

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Although the galvanic displacement can quite successfully be used for the production of catalytic surfaces, electrolyte and water purification as well as for heavy or noble metal removal in hydromet-allurgical plants, it seems that the use of this type of deposition is limited in the sophisticated electronics or biomedical applications due to poor adherence and porosity of the deposited film. It is obvious that further studies are required if this process is aimed for the use in electronics, biomedical, or hi-tech industries. 

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