Atmospheric pressure APPI

Figure 2.4 Comparison of (a) sensitivity, (b) variability, (c) selectivity, and (d) pricing between various chemical and immunological analyses for the presence of PPCPs in the environment. FID = flame ionization detector and EC = electrochemical detection. Note that GC-MS-MS can have mass detectors such as triple quadrupole and ion trap with ionization from El = electron ionization or Cl = chemical ionization, whereas LC-MS-MS with ionization from ESI = electrospray ionization, APCI = atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, or APPI = atmospheric pressure photoionization. (Adapted from Ingerslev and HaUing-Sprensen, 2003.)...

Notes AA, acetic acid AAc, ammoniuin acetate ACN, acetonitrile AH, airnnonium hydroxide FA, formic acid MeOH, methanol TFA, trifluoroacetic acid THF, Tetrahydrofuran APCI, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization APPI, atmospheric pressure photoionization ESI, electrospray ionization IS, ion spray IT, ion trap Q, single quadrupole QqQ, triple quadrupole TOF, time of flight. 

APPI Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) is an ionization source similar to APCI but the corona discharge needle is replaced with an irradiation source (e.g., krypton lamp). In comparison to ESI and APCI, APPI can be used to efficiently ionize broad classes of nonpolar compounds. In the bioanalytical tool box, APPI is an important complement to ESI and APCI (Hanold et al., 2004 Syage et al., 2004 Cai et al., 2005 Hsieh, 2005). 

APPI Atmospheric Pressure Photo-Ionization G1 Gastrointestinal... 

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