Apoptosis functional imaging

Short-term and massive apoptosis were also observed from the interference of the telomere-capping function of telomerase when hTERT or hTR are modified by mutations.The observation that BRACO-19 causes chromosome end-to-end fusions associated with the appearance of pl6-associated senescence led to the proposal that G-quadruplex ligands mostly act to disrupt the telomere structure.Such telomeric dysfunction was also observed in cell lines treated with RHSP4 or with 307A and in cell lines resistant to 12459 with typical images of telophase bridges" (Figure 4). 

NP systems that can bind substrates and induce programmed cell death (apoptosis) in vivo are very interesting and highly clinically relevant theranostic nanoparticles. The induction of apoptosis is a central element of the function of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatments, and apoptosis is a major pathway in heart failure. The protein Annexin V [167] is typically used to image apoptopic processes [167, 168]. Several theranostic systems have been developed to study the apoptotic response in response to treatment [169, 170], and cardiac damage. Such systems are mainly based on SPION [171, 172]. 

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