Anxiety disorders adjunctive

Anxiety disorders adjunct in treatment-refractory psychosis and in mania severe agitation severe insomnia MDD + anxiety akathisia... 

Benzodiazepines are recommended for acute treatment of generalized anxiety disorder when short-term relief is needed, as an adjunct during initiation of antidepressant therapy, or to improve sleep. 

Mechanism of Action An antidepressant, anxiolytic, and obsessive-compulsive disorder adjunct that blocks the reuptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin at CNS neuronal presynaptic membranes, Increasing its availability at postsynaptic receptor sites. Therapeutic Effect Relieves depression, reduces obsessive-compulsive behavior, decreases anxiety... 

Acute anxiety states panic attacks generalized anxiety disorder insomnia and other sleep disorders relaxation of skeletal muscle anesthesia (adjunctive) seizure disorders... 

Mood symptoms of depression are associated with many conditions in addition to major depressive disorder, including mood and anxiety symptoms in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar manic/depressed/mixed/rapid cycling states, organic mood disorders, psychotic depression, childhood and adolescent mood disorders, treatment-resistant mood disorders, and many more (see Chapter 10, Fig. 10-6). Atypical antipsychotics are enjoying expanded use for the treatment of symptoms of depression and anxiety in schizophrenia that are troublesome but not severe enough to reach the diagnostic threshold for a major depressive episode or anxiety disorder in these cases the antipsychotics are used not only to reduce such symptoms but hopefully also to reduce suicide rates, which are so high in schizophrenia (Fig. 11 — 53). Atypical antipsychotics may also be useful adjunctive treatments to anti-... 

Hallucinogen-induced anxiety disorder and hallucinogen-induced mood disorder may also be adequately treated by psychotherapy. When necessary, pharmacotherapy may be employed as an adjunct to such treatment. 

Is a very useful adjunct to SSRIs and SNRIs in the treatment of numerous anxiety disorders... 

Flydroxyzine can be used as an adjunct to SSRIs or SNRIs in treating anxiety disorders... 

One of the most popular and useful benzodiazepines for treatment of agitation associated with psychosis, bipolar disorder, and other disorders, especially in the inpatient setting this is due in part to useful sedative properties and flexibility of administration with oral tablets, oral liquid, or injectable formulations, which is often useful in treating uncooperative patients Is a very useful adjunct to SSRIs and SNRIs in the treatment of numerous anxiety disorders... 

Usually administered as adjunctive medication to benzodiazepines, SSRIs, and/or SNRIs in the treatment of anxiety disorders and to SNRIs, gabapentin, other anticonvulsants, and even opiates in the treatment of chronic pain... 

Chlorazepate, which enhances GABAergic transmission (see Figure 50), is indicated in acute alcohol withdrawal, in anxiety disorders, and as an adjunct in seizure management. Chlorazepate is hydrolyzed in the stomach to des-methyldiazepam, which is then absorbed completely and bound to plasma proteins to the extent of 80 to 95%. Des-methyldiazepam is then metabolized to oxazepam, whose inactive metabolite conjugated to glucuronic acid is excreted in the urine. 

Clorazepate is a benzodiazepine that potentiates action of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, resulting in increased neuronal inhibition and CNS depression, especially in limbic system and reticnlar formation. Clorazepate is indicated in the management of anxiety disorders relief of acnte alcohol withdrawal symptoms and adjunctive therapy in management of partial seizures. 

Katzman MA, Vermani M, Jacobs L, Marcus M, Kong B, Lessard S, Galarraga W, Struzik L, Gendron A. Quetiapine as an adjunctive pharmacotherapy for the treatment of non-remitting generalized anxiety disorder a flexible-dose, open-label pilot trial. J Anxiety Disord 2008 22(8) 1480-6. 

Anticonvulsant As adjunctive therapy in the management of partial seizures (clorazepate) adjunctively in status epilepticus and severe recurrent convulsive seizures (diazepam IV) adjunctively in convulsive disorders (diazepam oral). Preoperative For preoperative apprehension and anxiety (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam IV) prior to cardioversion for the relief of anxiety and tension and to diminish patient s recall (diazepam IV) adjunctively prior to endoscopic procedures for apprehension, anxiety, or acute stress reactions and to diminish patient s recall (diazepam) ... 

Benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines have anticonvulsant actions, especially intravenous diazepam and oral clonazepam. They are also sedating. Both of these actions have led to the use of benzodiazepines for the treatment of mood disorders, especially as adjunctive treatment for agitation and psychotic behavior during the phase of acute mania. Benzodiazepines are also broadly used in anxiety and sleep disorders. 

Most use is off-label Off-label use for first-line treatment of neuropathic pain may be justified Off-label use for second-line treatment of anxiety may be justified Off-label use as an adjunct for bipolar disorder may not be justified... 

Psilocybin has been used as an adjunct to the therapeutic treatment of many psychological disorders, including anxiety, depression, sexual... 

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