Antioxidant camphene

Curcuma longa L. C. domestica L. Yu Jin (Turmeric) (tuber) 1-curcamene, sesquiterpene, camphor, camphene, curmarin, curzernone, curzenene, curcumol, furanodienone, furanodiene, zederone, curcolone, diol, procurcumenol, curdione, curcumin. 33-398-460-510 Anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-infectious properties, antioxidative activity. Activate blood flow, remove blood stasis. 

IC50 value of 3326 g/mL, while the T. marschallianus essential oil had a slightly lower IC50. Thymol showed the best DPPH radical scavenging activity better than BHT (Jia et al 2010). Ichrak et al. (2011) investigated the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of T. pallidus Coss. ex Batt. and T. satureioides Coss. essential oils obtained by steam HD. T. pallidus essential oil revealed to have camphor (29.8%) as a major compound, followed by dihydrocarvone (17.6%), borneol (7.6%), and camphene (7.5%), respectively. T. satureioides contains borneol, carvacrol, and p caryophyllene as most content (29.5%, 9.1%, and 8.2%, respectively). T. pallidus and T. satureioides essential oils exhibited strong antioxidant activity (Ichrak et al., 2011). 

Melaleuca (Myrtaceae) is a native genus of Australia and has found widespread use in medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Essential oils extracted by steam distillation from Melaleuca species are mostly composed of 1,8-cineole, a-pinene, P pinene, and terpinen-4-ol, and they possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Melaleuca oil is a commercial name for oil extracted from leaves of Melaleuca armillaris Sm. with 1,8-cineole (85.8%) as main compound, followed by camphene and a-pinene as constituents also in major concentrations, but to a lower extent. This oil showed a better effect on radical scavenging in the ABTS than in the DPPH assay. Vitamin C was a reference with a higher antioxidant activity for ABTS and DPPH assays (Chabir et al., 2011). 

Camphene is a minor component of many terpene oils from which it is purified. It is a waxy solid, which sublimes at room temperature. Because it contains a reactive double bond, it tends to oxidize to form non-volatile oxidation products. For this reason, the commercial product is normally compounded with an antioxidant. 

Odoriferous substances and their mixtures (e.g. essential oils) show a number of beneficial effects for which they have found use as pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical ingredients and food additives. Bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects are seen in bomeol, eugenol, pinenes, camphor, thymol and menthol, choHnolytic (spasmolytic) effects preventing a drop in blood pressure and suppressing the secretory activity of various organs are found in camphor, pinenes and camphene, and analeptic effects (stimulating activity of circulation and respiratory system) are seen in camphene. The essential oils of many spices (such as marjoram, sage, thyme and many others) exhibit antioxidant effects, and therefore find use as natural antioxidants of fats. 

An example of the medicinal plant is Rosmarinus officinalis which has chemical components that has significant antioxidant activity [3-6]. Carvalho, Jr. et al., [6] obtained Rosmarinus officinalis extracts via supercritical extraction with CO2 (CO2-SFE) with high antioxidant activity and identified camphor, 1,8-cineole, camosic acid and rosmarinic acid, moreover studied changes in the production scale of extracts. Vincent et al., [7] isolated, by supercritical fluid chromatography, camosic acid (over 80% by mass) from extracts obtained via SFE Rosmarinus officinalis. Camphor, 1,8-cineole, camphene, bomeol, myrcene and a-pinene can be identified as major compounds in extracts via CO2-SFE Spanish sage [8]. 

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