Antigen retrieval protocols

TABLE 1.1 Test Battery Suggested for Screening an Optimal Antigen Retrieval Protocol... 

Shi S-R, Cote RJ, Liu C, et al. A modified reduced temperature antigen retrieval protocol effective for use with a polyclonal antibody to cyclooxygenase-2 (PG 27). Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. 2002 10 368-373. 

Shi S-R, Liu C, Young L, et al. Development of an optimal antigen retrieval protocol for immunohistochemistry of retinoblastoma protein (pRB) in formalin fixed, paraffin sections based on comparison of different methods. Biotech. Histochem. 2007 82 301-309. 

Chemical treatment with formaldehyde may not necessarily result in significant denaturation. A recent study of RNase A indicated that treatment with formaldehyde does not significantly alter secondary structure.21,22 Although formalin treatment may induce subtle changes in secondary structure, alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets are left essentially intact after formalin treatment. It is reasonable to assume, however, that boiling (as per antigen retrieval protocols) will significantly alter secondary structure. 

ANTIGEN RETRIEVAL PROTOCOL WITH USE OF CITRACONIC ANHYDRIDE SOLUTION... 

In the absence of standardization, since either false-positive or false-negative immunostaining can occur with any antigen retrieval protocol, the effect of the chosen antigen unmasking method on every individual antigen must be determined using careful... 

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