Prozac antidepressant

Kramer, Peter D. Listening to Prozac. New York Penguin, 1993. Kramer, a psychiatrist, describes the profound effects of the popular antidepressant Prozac in his patients. 

The above report eventually led to the NIH s Office of Alternative Medicine (now NCCAM) to call for a trial comparing St John s wort with the popular antidepressant Prozac. NCCAM, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the Office of... 

Through a series of legal challenges and allowable extensions, Eli Lilly staved off a generic version of its blockbuster antidepressant Prozac for five years, until August 2001. 

Despite its side effects, it is still the golden standard for anxiolytic activity. Dr. Stembach made such a good compound that this is the most robust and most fast acting anxiolytic, and efforts over the last 40 years have been to improve the therapeutic ratio by lowering the side-effects while retaining the efficacy. The many benzodiazepines are the mainstay anxiolytics. The modern antidepressants (Prozac, Paxil, etc.) were shown to act on anxiety, but these safer drugs are less robust than diazepam. 

Fluoxetine is the generic name for the antidepressant Prozac. Prozac was designed and synthesized by chemists in the laboratory, and is now produced on a large scale in chemical factories. Because it is safe and highly effective in treating depression, Prozac is widely prescribed. Over 40 million individuals worldwide have used Prozac since 1986. 

For example, the drugs ibuprofen and fluoxetine each contain one stereogenic center, and thus exist as a pair of enantiomers, only one of which exhibits biological activity. (S)-IbupFofen is the active component of the anti-inflammatory agents Motrin and Advil, and (fi)-fluoxetine is the active component in the antidepressant Prozac. 

A Figure 7.2 Basic drugs and classes, the largest subgroup in the acid-base classification scheme. The alkaloids are (or at least once were) derived from plant matter, while nonalkaloids are generally synthetic or semisynthetic. Tropane alkaloids Include cocaine, while tryptamines include mescaline and psilocyn. Caffeine and theophylline are xanthine alkaloids. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) include the second-generation SSRI antidepressants. Prozac (fluoxetine, shown) and Paxil belong to this class. 

On the basis of the synthetic methods for amines provided in this chapter, carry outretrosynthetic analyses of the antidepressant Prozac, with 4-trifluoromethylphenol and benzene as your starting materials. 

Fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac) is a widely prescribed antidepressant drug introduced by Eh Lilly Co in 1986 It differs from Compound A in having an —NHCH3 group in place of —N(CH3)2 What IS the structure of Prozac" ... 

Description of Method. Fluoxetine, whose structure is shown in Figure 12.31a, is another name for the antidepressant drug Prozac. The determination of fluoxetine and its metabolite norfluoxetine. Figure 12.31 b, in serum is an important part of monitoring its therapeutic use. The analysis is complicated by the complex matrix of serum samples. A solid-phase extraction followed by an HPLC analysis using a fluorescence detector provides the necessary selectivity and detection limits. 

More dramatic examples of how a change in chirality can affect the biological properties of a molecule are found in many drugs, such as fluoxetine, a heavily prescribed medication sold under the trade name Prozac. Racemic fluoxetine is an extraordinarily effective antidepressant but has no activity against... 

Fluoxetine, a heavily prescribed antidepressant marketed under the name Prozac, can be prepared by a route that begins with reaction between a phenol and an alkyl chloride. 

The mechanism of action of most of the miscellaneous antidepressants is not clearly understood. Examples of this group of drugs include fluoxetine (Prozac) and bupropion (Wellbutrin). 

Moore s idea of analysing the data that had been sent to the FDA seemed brilliant, and I proposed that we work on it together. So we began. Moore wrote to the FDA invoking the Freedom of Information Act and requested the medical and statistical reviews of every placebo-controlled clinical trial for the treatment of depression by what, at that time, were the six most widely used new-generation antidepressant drugs Prozac, Seroxat (Paxil in... 

The equivalence of high and low doses of antidepressants is well known, yet doctors often increase the dose of the antidepressant when their patients do not improve. Why do they do this The official Summary of Product Characteristics for Prozac provides a clue. It notes that in the fixed dose studies of patients with major depression there is a flat dose response curve, providing no suggestion of advantage in terms of efficacy for using higher than the recommended doses . Nevertheless, despite the absence of evidence that higher doses produce better effects, the very same document advises physicians as follows ... 

A few illustrative examples of important agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals that contain a CF3 group are given in Fig. 5.1. They include the insecticide triflumuron (5-1), the neuroleptic fluphenazene (5-2), which is used in the treatment of schizophrenia, and the well-known antidepressant drug, PROZAC (5-3). 

A major challenge to the development of new drugs is the discovery of new therapeutic targets. For example, the phenomenal success of fluoxetine (Prozac ) has been due to the fact that it was the first selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor approved for world market release, combined with its improved adverse drug reaction profile. However, no new classes of antidepressants have emerged in recent years. 

Once a methamphetamine addict stops taking the drug, the withdrawal symptoms can be very severe and include depression and anxiety, increased appetite, fatigue, paranoia, irritability, aggressive behavior, and intense craving for the drug. Some of these symptoms can be eased with sedative drugs like Valium or antidepressants like Prozac . 

Tricyclic drugs have, as the name implies, a three-ring structure, and interfere with reuptake of norepinephrine and/or serotonin into axon terminals. Tricyclic drugs include imipramine (Tofranil), amitriptyline (Elavil), clomipramine (Anafranil), and nortriptyline (Pamelor, Aventil). Tricyclics have the occasional but unfortunate cardiovascular side effects of arrhythmia and postural hypotension. Newer, nontricyclic antidepressants have been developed that are collectively referred to as SSRIs. These have a potent and selective action on serotonin, and lack the cardiovascular side effects of the tricyclics. These include fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), and fluvoxamine (Luvox). A fifth SSRI, citalopram (Celexa) has been used in Europe and has recently been approved in the United States. Venlafaxine (Effexor) blocks reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, while bupropion (Wellbutrin) acts on both dopamine and norepinephrine. 

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