Antibody genes

Non-immune libraries are produced in a similar fashion, but using B-lymphocytes fromnon-im-munized donors as a source of antibody genes. This approach becomes necessary if initial immunization with the antigen of interest is not possible (e.g. due to ethical considerations). Although such... 

DE JAEGER, G., DE WILDE, C EECKHOUT, D., FIERS, E., DEPICKER, A., The plantibody approach expression of antibody genes in plants to modulate plant metabolism or to obtain pathogen resistance, Plant Mol. Biol., 2000,43,419-428. 

Increase number and novelty of molecular targets and approaches (e.g., monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy) Increase throughput of in vitro vs. in vivo assays... 

A further advance in antibody technology is the development of transgenic mouse human strains. XenoMouse animals have been engineered in such a way that they now produce exclusively human antibodies rather than murine antibodies when immunized. The use of XenoMouse animals to produce MAbs avoids the need for any engineering of the antibody genes, since the products are already 100% human protein. XenoMouse animals are fully compatible with standard hybridoma technology and can be readily adopted by laboratories experienced in monoclonal antibody production [56]. 

Fisher, K.D. (2001). Polymer-coated adenovirus permits efficient retargeting and evades neutralising antibodies. Gene Ther., 8, 341-348. 

Dubel, S, Breitling, F., Fuchs, P, Braunagel, M, Klewinghaus, I., and Little, M (1993) A family of vectors for surface display and production of antibodies Gene 128,97-101... 

A family of vectors for surface display and production of antibodies Gene 128, 97-101. 

The dimension of an antibody library, typically defined as the number of clones bearing a suitable selectable marker (antibiotic resistance) and, containing the full-size antibody gene (detectable by PCR screening 32), does not necessarily correspond to the functional dimension of a library, which requires that the clones express properly folded antibodies. An approximation for the determination of the functional dimension of a library consists of determining what percentage of clones expresses antibodies, for example, using immunoblot techniques. 

Many other enzymes modify DNA and degrade it in various ways. In the next chapter we discuss some of those enzymes that have been particularly useful in DNA manipulations. In Supplement 3 (Immunobiology) we discuss DNA splicing operations that are essential for assembling complex antibody genes prior to their expression. 

Estimated Number of Germ-Line Gene Segments for Different Mouse Antibody Genes... 

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