Antibody-dependent enzyme-mediated

Antibody-dependent enzyme-mediated prodrug therapy (ADEPT) is a two- or sometimes three-step approach in which an antibody-enzyme fusion protein or conjugate is infused and allowed to localize to the tumor target (reviewed in Refs. 

The antibody-dependent lysis of tumor cells by PMNs exhibited some of the characteristics of damage mediated by products of the burst in the presence of tumor cells there was increased consumption of O2, increased formation of O and activation of the hexose monosphosphate shunt However, although a reduction in the concentration of O2 in the medium inhibited lysis neither catalase nor superoxide dismutase inhibited. The lack of effect on these enzymes was attributed to their inability to interpose themselves between the plasma membranes of the PMN and its target. Similar conclusions were reached by Clark, and Klebanoff whose data incriminated the products of the burst by the reduced killing of tumor cells by PMNs from patients with chronic granulomatous disease. Myeloperoxidase, however, appeared not to he required since neither azide or cyanide inhibited and killing by PMNs from patients with inherited deficiency of myeloperoxidase was normal. 

The macrophage cell surface as a crucial interface studded with receptors Unks antibody dependent molecular immune recognition triggering a broad spectrum of cellular responses including phagocytosis, cytolysis, release of lysosomal enzymes and mediators such as prostaglandin Ej, and release of reactive oxygen metaboUtes. 

As an alternative to the catalytic activity of a conjugated enzyme, the complement-mediated immunolysis of liposomes can be used to amplify the measuring signals of immunoassays. The liberation of liposome-entrapped markers depends on the amount of antibody adhering to the lipid membrane and serves to measure the concentration of antigen. Such liposomes may be filled with quarternary ammonium ions detectable by ion sensitive electrodes (Umezawa et al., 1983), with enzyme substrates, e.g. glucose, which can be measured with enzyme electrodes... 

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