Antibody-combining site modification

Genetic or chemical modification of the antibody-combining site An introduction and positioning of catalytic residue(s) into antibody combining site can be achieved by ... 

If necessary, these combining sites may be equipped with an appropriately positioned catalytic amino acid side chain or a cofactor, which may be introduced either directly by site-directed mutagenesis or indirectly by chemical modification. Antibodies bind molecules ranging in size from about 6 to 34 A with association constants of M , in other words, binding is extremely strong. As with... 

Information about the putative folding of the H,K-ATPase catalytic subunit through the membrane has been obtained by the combined use of hydropathy analysis according to the criteria of Kyte and Doolittle [51], identification of sites sensitive to chemical modification [46,48,50,52-55], and localization of epitopes of monoclonal antibodies [56]. The model of the H,K-ATPase catalytic subunit (Fig. 1) which has emerged from these studies shows ten transmembrane segments and contains cytosolic N- and C-termini [53]. This secondary structure of the catalytic subunit is probably a common feature of the catalytic subunits of P-type ATPases, since evidence supporting a ten a-helical model with cytosolic N- and C-termini has also been published recently for both Ca-ATPase of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and Na,K-ATPase [57-59]. 

---