Anti-Terror Applications

Another aspect of minerals and rocks laser-induced luminescence became important recently, especially in Israel. Terrorists have intensively used roadside Ijombs, while the plastic covers simulating local rocks have been used for camouflage of explosive materials. The possibilities of the luminescence method have been checked for the remote detection and identification of such camouflage materials. The luminescence properties of the colored plastics have been investigated in comparison with the corresponding properties of the dolomite rocks, which are imitated. 

The steady-state luminescence spectra of three different plastics are characterized by blue luminescence with Amax = 445-465 nm, while much broader liuninescence band with yellow color characterizes the dolomite rocks. These spectra are different, but not enough to differentiate between them from big distance. The decay properties have been also checked in order to improve the selective feature. It was found that luminescence intensity of rocks in the blue part of the spectrum is drastically diminished after specific delay time, while the decrease of intensity in the yellow part of the spectrum is mush more moderate. Liuninescence intensity of all plastics also diminishes after such delay, nevertheless remaining mush stronger then intensity of rocks luminescence in the blue part of the spectrum. The comparison of plastic and rock time-resolved spectra in specific time window clearly demonstrate that they are absolutely different, which made confident discrimination possible (Fig. 7.3). 

Another aspect of minerals, rocks and foliage laser-induced spectroscopic properties became important recently all around the world, especially in Israel. Different types of camouflage simulating foliage and local rocks have been intensively used by terrorists to cover the roadside bombs and other explosive devices. The spectroscopic properties of different explosive materials and covers were studied in comparison with natural objects, which are imitated. The task was to evaluate the 

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Eower cost (due to inexpensive mass produced manufacturing processes system cost of 1,000 - 25 ea., with availability to all anti-terrorism applications). 

Microfiuidics are great tools for security and anti-terrorism with many applications. New and better diagnostic technology must be developed in order to be prepared for an act of bio-terrorism. The subject will be treated through lectures by experts on biosensors, microsystems, bio micro-electromechanical devices, and nanofluidics. To establish the objectives of this Institute, important lectures by prominent expert on the field are presented and are included in this volume of the Institute. 

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