Annealing temperature, oriented

Annealing temperature (°C) Density of the amorphous material (da) (g/cm ) Amorphous orientation function (fa) Crystallite length (Ic) (nm) Long period (L) (nm) Degree of crystallinity (X ) Substructure parameter (A) Axial elastic modulus ... 

Annealing temperature rc) Annealing time (min) Birefringence (An) Anid Volume crystallinity (%) TTM fraction Critical dissolve time (s) Amorphous orientation function (/ )... 

The most desirable annealing temperatures for amorphous plastics, certain blends, and block copolymers is just above their glass transition temperature (Tg) where the relaxation of stress and orientation is the most rapid. However, the required temperatures may cause excessive distortion and warping. 

Films of CoB have been prepared by electroless deposition. Chang et al. [25] deposited magnetically soft amorphous films, which could be annealed to give materials with an Hc of 250 Oe. Depending on the annealing temperature, the films crystallized as the hep or fee modifications of Co. Matsui and co-workers [22] obtained crystalline materials in the as-deposited state, the crystalline characteristics being determined by processing conditions. A maximum HQ of 300 Oe was observed for films with 10.0 preferred orientation. 

Next, the side chains of P2 were replaced with the side chains of ALBP at corresponding positions in the amino-acid sequence to produce the first ALBP model. The position and orientation of this model were refined by least squares, treating the model as a rigid body. Subsequent refinement was by simulated annealing. At first, all temperature factors were constrained at 15.0 A2. After the first round of simulated annealing, temperature factors were allowed to refine for atoms in groups, one value of B for all backbone atoms within a residue and another for side-chain atoms in the residue. 

Fig. 16. (a) AES determined near-surface (average) concentration of A1 as function of annealing temperature for the FeAl(l 11) surface (three datasets). The dotted lines estimate the uncertainty introduced by the error in the matrix factor. The phases, which are observed in LEED after quenching the annealed sample to room temperature, are also shown, (b) Comparison of the segregation curves for all investigated surface orientations. Near-surface concentrations corresponding to bulk terminated surfaces are marked by open circles [77]. 

Fig. 12.10. Preferential (100) orientation R(ioo) of a poly-Si surface versus annealing temperature (Ta) for two types of samples (the definition of R(ioo) is based on a 20° tilt with respect to the perfect (100) orientation). The permeable membrane was formed either by exposure to air for about 2 h at room temperature (solid circles) or in a furnace by exposure to an oxygen atmosphere for 2h at 560°C (open circles). (from [46])...

Channeling measurements have been used to study the epitaxial regrowth of Ge and Si crystals amorphized by ion implantation for a variety of crystal orientations (Csepregi et al. 1977). These studies have shown that, with the exception of (111) orientated Si crystals and samples cut within 16° of the (111) direction, the amorphous/crystal interface moves with a constant velocity toward the surface (at a fixed annealing temperature) and maintains a laterally uniform front. 

C., 102 c.p.s.) (76) than for the b axis-oriented one ( 80° to 100°C., 102 c.p.s.) (77) and which broadens as the frequency is lowered (76), indicating the presence of more than one mechanism. The area under the peak is found (69) to decrease with an increase in annealing temperature and to change upon high energy irradiation. This led to the hypothesis that segmental motion in crystal folds is responsible for this maximum (69). However, the work to date has not ruled out either chain torsion in the crystal or lamella movement as possible mechanisms. 

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