Gene expression anaerobic response

This deletion and mutation analysis of the promoter resulted in the identification of a region located between —140 and —100, relative to the transcription start, the Anaerobic Responsive Element (ARE), which was critical for anaerobic gene expression. Two subregions exist within this promoter, both of which are necessary for activity, and each of these two subregions contained a core sequence T/CGGTTT. 

Bailey-Serres, J., Kloeckner-Gruissem, B. Freeling, M. (1988). Genetic and molecular approaches to the study of the anaerobic response and tissue specific gene expression in maize. Plant, Cell and Environment 11, 351-7. 

Adaptive systems allowing to survive to moderate or even severe hypoxia involve an increase in the expression of genes coding for proteins responsible for anaerobic production of adenosine triphosphate, namely aldolase A (EC 4.1.2.13), enolase-a (EC 4.2.1.11), lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40), and glucose transporter-1 (Semenza et al. 1996). 

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