Ampicillin nephrotoxicity

When 1500 mg/kg ampicillin was administered to female rabbits as a single dose, there was no evidence of nephrotoxicity judged by the absence of tubular necrosis 48 hours after administration [17]. In the other hand, carbenicillin, methicillin and ampicillin have been associated with acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) [18-20]. 

Results from animal studies indicate that while furosemide enhanced cephaloridine nephrotoxicity no increased renal toxicity was observed by combining of piperacillin with furosemide [142]. Latamoxef and flo-moxef may decrease nephrotoxicity of vancomycin by inhibiting its uptake into the kidney [146,147]. The results of a retrospective study including renal transplant patients indicate that aztreonam can be safely administered with cyclosporine [148]. Combination therapy with ampicillin/aztreonam in neonates showed a lower renal toxicity than in the group with concurrent administration of oxacillin/ amikacin [149]. 

A comparative study in patients given gentamicin 30 mg with lincomycin just before renal transplantation found that the eoncurrent use of ciclosporin increased the incidence of nephrotoxieity from 5% to 67%. When gentamicin and lincomycin were replaced with ampicillin, ceftazidime and lincomycin the incidence of nephrotoxieity was 10%. Another study deseribes increased nephrotoxicity associated with the concurrent... 

Ampicillin does not interact adversely with ciclosporin. Increased nephrotoxicity has been seen in lung transplant patients given nafcillin prophylactically, whereas an isolated report describes a fall in ciclosporin levels in a patient treated with nafcillin. A case of raised ciclosporin levels in a patient taking ticarcillin has been described. 

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