Amphocil amphotericin

Amphocil Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion 40-400 mg in an infusion bag/bottle X mL... 

Lipid-associated formulations of amphotericin B, liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) and amphotericin B lipid complex (Abelcet) have been approved for use in proven cases of candidiasis however, patients with invasive candidiasis have also been treated successfully with amphotericin B colloid dispersion (Amphotec or Amphocil). The lipid-associated formulations are less toxic but as effective as amphotericin B deoxycholate. 

Timmers GJ, Zweegman S, Simoons-Smit AM, et al. Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (Amphocil) vs fluconazole for the prevention of fungal infections in neutropenic patients data of a prematurely stopped clinical trial. Bone Marrow Transplant 2000 25 879-84. 

Amphotericin B is complexed with deoxycholate (C-AMB) and marketed as a lyophilized powder (fungizone) containing 50 mg of amphotericin B that forms a colloid in water. Three lipid formulations of amphotericin B are marketed in the U.S. Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD, AMPHOTEC, amphocil) contains equimolar amounts of amphotericin B and cholesteryl sulfate. AMBISOME is a small, unilamellar vesicle formulation that combines amphotericin B (50 mg) with 350 mg of lipid (phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and distearoylphosphatidylglycerol, in molar ratio of 10 5 4) in an -10% molar ratio. Amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC, abelcet) contains dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol in a 7 3 mixture with -35 mol% of amphotericin B. 

Example 3 Amphotericin B Various amphotericin B formulations have been developed and commercialised Fungizone , Ambisome , Abelcet and Amphocil . These differ by the physico-chemical principle that has been used to create a colloidal systems (see Sect. 18.4.1). As a result they differ in their semm pharmacokinetics as well as their tissue localisation, tissue retention and toxicity. These products should not be substituted by each other and therefore the brand name has to be part of the definitiOTi. 

Currently, toxic effects of AmB have been largely ameliorated with the advent of lipid formulations, in these formulations, deoxycholate has been replaced by other Upids that mask AmB from susceptible tissues, thus reducing toxicity and facilitating its preferential uptake by reticuloendothelial cells. Thus, this drug delivery results in increasing efficacy and reduced toxicity. Three Upid-associated formulations of amphotericin are commercially available Uposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome), amphotericin B lipid complex (Abelcet), and amphotericin B colloidal dispersimi (Amphocil). These compoimds have been considered between the most striking advances in Leishmania therapy [52],... 

AmBisome . This is a sterile lyophilised liposomal formulation. Each vial contains 50 mg amphotericin B, 194 mg hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, 84 mg distearoylphosphatidylglycerol and 52 mg cholesterol. Upon reconstitution with sterile water for injection, small unilamellar liposomes that have a mean diameter of 80-100 nm are formed. Adult dose 1-3 mg/kg daily. Amphocil . This is a sterile lyophilised cofioidal dispersion. Each vial contains 50 or 100 mg amphotericin B and sodium cholesterol sulphate approximately equimolar amount. Upon reconstitution with sterile water for injection it forms a colloidal dispersion. Adult dose 1-4 mg/kg daily. 

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