Amphiphilic solvent

Lee, S.J. and McClements, D.J. (2010) Fabrication of protein-stabilized nanoemulsions using a combined homogenization and amphiphilic solvent dissolution/evaporation approach. Food Hydrocolloids, 24, 560-569. 

Amphiphilic solvent approach (separation by filtration after the reaction). An amphiphilic solvent (e.g. a,a,a-trifluorotoluene, CF3C6H5) may provide an appropriate solubility for both the fluorous and the organic materials and the reaction can proceed in a homogeneous fashion with a single solvent. After the reaction is complete, an organic solvent can be added to precipitate the fluorous material. 

The aim of the most studies on the water-soluble phosphines is to find separable, active, and selective catalysts. The water-soluble catalysts are additionally useful for the reactions of hydrophobic substrates with inorganic salts. So far, amphiphilic solvents or mixed catalyst systems of normal PTCs and normal transition metal complexes have been used for some reactions. Though the mixed system enables the easy separation of inorganic salts from the reaction mixture, the separa-... 

Micelles in Amphiphile-Solvent Systems. - In this paragraph studies on micellar solutions formed by single and mixed amphiphiles are reported according to the amphiphile type, e.g. ionic, nonionic, polymer, and mixed amphiphiles (mixtures of different types). 

Loison C, Mareschal M, Kremer K, Schmid F (2003) Thermal fluctuations in a lamellar phase of a binary amphiphile-solvent mixture a molecular-dynamics study. J Chem Phys 119(13) 138-13148... 

Using the CPP, two stractural differences have been proposed to account for the differences between the lyotropic phase behavior in PILs compared to water. These are that (1) PILs have a lower solvation of polar groups and a higher affinity for hydrocarbon regions than water and (2) PILs partition into the amphiphile-solvent interface region, especially PILs with long alkyl chains. ... 

An adsorption experiment was also carried out using pure propan-2-ol as an amphiphile solvent. After 48 h of adsorption, the maximum contact angle reached was 95° 2°, suggesting a much lower coverage and/or degree of order than those with the mixed ra-heptane/propan-2-ol solvent. 

The interest of preformed amphiphile-solvent LLCs to nucleate and grow ordered inorganic nanostmctnres, which memorize the characteristic spacing and symmetry of the precursor mesophase, was demonstrated by Stnpp in the template formation of semiconducting superlattices. Here, the hexagonal nonionic organic LLC presents a... 

Figure 4.26 Sequence of phases observed on increasing solvent content, in a binary amphiphile-solvent system, representing a hypothetical phase diagram where phase transitions are controlled by solvent content only. Here a, b, c and d indicate intermediate phases (for example the bicontinuous cubic structure shown in Fig. 4.25d), L2 denotes the inverse micellar solution, Hn is the inverse hexagonal phase, L is the lamellar phase. Hi is the normal hexagonal phase and Li is the normal micellar phase. In practice, the full sequence of phases is rarely observed, and in reality the phase transitions depend on temperature as well as concentration...

Amphiphilic solvents, such as long-chain alcohols, carboxylic acids and amines, consist of at least two distinct parts and behave as co-surfactants. Hence, such systems should be regarded as mixtures of different amphiphiles rather than as truly lyotropic amphotropic systems. 

When separated from membrane lipids, structural protein forms large poljuneric aggregates which can be dispersed in units of smaller size by amphiphilic solvents or detergents at extreme pH (Griddle et al., 1962 Zahler, 1968). Structural protein displays a specific affinity for lipids (Griddle et al., 1962 Bakerman and Wasemiller, 1967 Zahler, 1968). 

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