Ammonium chlorate, naming

C03-0110. The following pairs of substances are quite different despite having similar names. Write correct formulas for each, (a) sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite (b) nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide (c) potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate and (d) ammonia and ammonium ion. 

In the last-named case the reaction is dangerously explosive and should only be carried out with small quantities of the reagents. Ozone is also formed during the decomposition by heat of potassium chlorate, and by the action of nitric acid, preferably of density 1-33, on ammonium persulphate1 carefully warmed up to 65° to 75° C. The liberated gases are washed with caustic-potash solution and contain from 3 to 5 per cent, of ozone. 

There are several salts that behave in this way at atmospheric temperatures, the more important being ammonium acetate potassium bromate, carbonate, cyanide, ferricyanide, ferrocyanide, iodate, and permanganate disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium borate and carbonate.4 In the case of potassium chlorate the points L and S appear to be practically coincident, whilst for the majority of salts the point S lies somewhere to the left of L, namely at S —that is to say, saturation occurs before the limiting concentration is reached. Generally speaking, at the ordinary temperature, concentrated solutions of salts are less corrosive than distilled water—that is, the point S lies below the level of A, exceptions being 5 ammonium sulphate, aluminium... 

Unknown Name txplosives. a) Ammonium Nitrate Explosive of Societe Suisse des Explosifs AN 70, PETN 10, TNT 10 NaNH HP0. 4H 0 10% [SwissP 228940 (1943) CA 42, 6538 (1938)] b)Plastic Explosives of O. Matter l)Mixt of coal tar distillates with inorganic oxidizers, such as nitrates, chlorates or perchlorates [SwissP 220755 (1942) CA 42, 6538(1948)] and 2)Mixt of a watei-insol hydrocarbon (such as chloronaphthalene) and resinous thickening agent (such as rosin or car dlstillation residue) with inorganic oxidizers (such as nitrates, chlorates or perchlorates) [SwissP 228653 (1943) CA 43,... 

Prior to the early 1960s, there were very few materials which possessed these properties. Little and Mitchell in their text Tablet Making, cite sodium chloride and bromide, potassium chlorate, bicarbonate and iodide, ammonium chloride, and hexamine as having properties which permit tabletting without some form of prior treatment. No reference is made by name to the process of direct compression. 

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