7-Aminobutyric acid agonists, effect

Korsgaard S, Casey DE, Gerlach J, Hetmar O, Kaldan B, Mikkelsen LB. The effect of tetrahydroisoxazolopyridinol (THIP) in tardive dyskinesia a new gamma-aminobutyric acid agonist. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982 39(9) 1017-21. 

Avermectins and Ivermectin. The avermectias are pentacycHc lactones isolated from fermentation products of Streptomjces avermitilis and ivermectin is a semisynthetic chemical, 22,23-dihydroavermectia (46). Ivermectin is effective in very low doses for the control of red spider mites on deciduous fmits, in baits for the control of imported fire ants, and as a parasiticide for Onchocerca volvulus in humans and for catde gmbs. These insecticides appear to function as agonists for the neuroinhibitory transmitter y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (see Antiparasitic agents, avermectins). 

Topf N et al Effects of isoflurane on gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors activated by full and partial agonists. Anesthesiology 2003 98 306. [PMID 12552186]... 

Ramelteon is a melatonin receptor agonist selective for the MTj and MT2 receptors. The dose is 8 mg at bedtime. It is well tolerated, but side effects include headache, dizziness, and somnolence. It is not a controlled substance. Zolpidem, chemically unrelated to benzodiazepines or barbiturates, acts selectively at the y-aminobutyric acid (GABA )-receptor and has minimal anxiolytic and no muscle relaxant or anticonvulsant effects. It is comparable in effectiveness to benzodiazepine hypnotics, and it has htde effect on sleep stages. Its duration is approximately 6 to 8 hours, and it is metabolized to inactive metabolites. Common side effects are drowsiness, amnesia, dizziness, headache, and GI complaints. Rebound effects when discontinued and tolerance with prolonged use are minimal, but theoretical concerns about abuse exist. It appears to have minimal effects on next-day psychomotor performance. The usual dose is 10 mg (5 mg in the elderly or those with liver impairment), which can be increased up to 20 mg nightly. Cases of psychotic reactions and sleep-eating have been reported. 

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