Amines, oxidation, to amine

Homer and Hoffmann" reported use of triphenylphosphine for the deoxygcnution of azoxy compounds to uzo compounds, of peroxides to ethers, of nitrones to Schiff bases, and of aliphatic amine oxides to amines. The lalier reiicliun was done in nfliKina iieatic anld and under these contillloni the N-oxides of pyridine and quinoline... 

With the recognition of the extensive occurrence of amine oxides as alkaloids in the plant there have been developed differential isolation procedures, to separate these from the amines, and reduction procedures, applied to crude extracts, to convert all the amine oxides to amines. For qualitative detection of amine oxides, the red or reddish brown coloration that these compounds give with acetic anhydride serves as a useful test (150). The problem of the separation of the natmnlly occurring amines from the amine oxides has been attacked in different ways. In the first instance of isolation (56-56c), it was found that both trachelanthamine and its, -oxide could be extracted from an aqueous solution by dichloroethane. Sequences of organic extractants such as ether followed by chloroform (116) and chloroform followed by butanol... 

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