Guanidines amines

Other bases found to react with 1,1,1-trinitroethane via formation of 1,1-dinitroethene include trimethylamine, guanidine and diethylmalonate anion (152), the latter forming (153) in 36 % yield. Shechter and Zeldin found no correlation as to why some bases react with 1,1,1-trinitroethane so differently to others but noted that simple alkoxides, aliphatic amines, guanidine, cyanide and malonate anions reacted via the 1,1-dinitroethene pathway. 

In a modified version of the pharmacophore point filter, a score equal to 1 is allowed to qualify a compound as drug-like if the pharmacophore point present in the compound is of type carboxylic acid, amine, guanidine, or amidine. This modified filter was defined to correctly classify the small active drugs belonging to the central nervous system (CNS) class. 

In addition to amidrazones, the corresponding carbonic acid derivatives semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide, selenocarbazide, guanidin-2-amine, guanidine-1,2-diamine and 3-methylisothiosemicarbazide can also be reacted with 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, leading to the nonaromatic 1,2,4-triazin-3(2//)-oncs,451 1,2,4-triazine-3(2/f)-thiones,452 -3(2//)-selenones 5,453 or the aromatic l -triazin-S-amines,112 3-hydrazino-l,2,4-triazines,113 or 3-(methylsulf-anyl)-l,2,4triazines 6.114 The initially formed hydrazones can be isolated in most cases and cyclized in a second step, but isolation is not necessary as direct cyclization is usually achieved without problem. 

The skeleton of biguanidine type formed in the decomposition is readily decomposed further into amines, guanidines and similar simple metabolites. 

Amine, guanidine, and Strongly acidic cation exchange resins... 

N, disecbutyl p-phenylene-diamine amine borates amine guanidine derivatives esters of dithiophosphoric acid... 

M. HoUenstein, C. J. Hipolito, C. H. Lam, D. M. Penin, A self-cleaving DNA enzyme modified with amines, guanidines and imidazoles operates independently of divalent metal cations (M ), Nucleic Acids Res., 2009, 37, 1638-1649. 

Clearly, the hindered tertiary amine guanidine base structure affords the desired carbamate in a highly selective manner, while other hindered tertiary amine bases are much less effective. 

Wide ranges of organic accelerators, which are capable of nucleophilic substitution at the allylic chloride atoms, have been used in polychloroprene curing. Polyhydric phenols (103,104), hydroxyphenyl mercapto-snbstituted triazoles (105), thiolactams (106), thiazolidine and thiones, Vulkacite (Bayer Chemical Co.). CRV (107,108), alkyl thioamides, formaldehyde amine reaction products, amines, guanidines, dithiocarbamates, thiurams, and snlfenamides have all been used as accelerators. 

Homologous series of long-chain At -acyl-L-lysine having antimicrobial activity and surface-active properties have been reported [78,62]. The straight-chain length of the fatty acid residue (jc), the type of R substituents, or the number of carbons (n) between the co-basic groups (amine, guanidine) and the asymmetric a-carbon may influence the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties ... 

Chiral primary amine-guanidines have been employed as organocatalysts in Michael addition of aldehydes to maleimides that gave succinimides in <96% ee. DFT and M06-2X calculations suggest the hydrogen bonding between the maleimide C=0 and the catalyst NH groups. ... 

A few nonstandard chemical labels that have been used successfully include dimethylation of free amines (i.e., lysines and N-termini) using reductive amination, guanidination of lysines, and alkylation of cysteines by acrylamide. In practice, the commercially available labels (e.g., ICAT and iTRAQ) have received the most widespread use. Ones that are based on chemical reactions require a deeper understanding of chemistry (in contrast to the kits) and also computational skills, because there are very few generally available programs that can be used for automated quantification of the data sets. 

Over the past decade, rapid growth has been achieved in organocatalytic asymmetric Diels-Alder and hetero-Diels-Alder reactions. Numerous organocatalysts such as chiral amines, guanidines, N-heterocyclic carbenes, Bronsted acids, and bifunctional catalysts have been successfully developed. The activation modes for these catalysts, such as imine-catalysis, enamine-catalysis, dienamine catalysis. 

---