Amines from 2 molecules

To avoid these problems, refiners commonly use additives called detergents" (Hall et al., 1976), (Bert et al., 1983). These are in reality surfactants made from molecules having hydrocarbon chains long enough to ensure their solubility in the fuel and a polar group that enables them to be absorbed on the walls and prevent deposits from sticking. The most effective chemical structures are succinimides, imides, and fatty acid amines. The required dosages are between 500 and 1000 ppm of active material. 

The most noteworthy reaction of azo-compounds is their behaviour on reduction. Prolonged reduction first saturates the azo group, giving the hydrazo derivative (C NH-NH C), and then breaks the NH NH linkage, with the formation of two primary amine molecules. If method (1) has been employed to prepare the azo-compound, these two primary amines will therefore be respectively (a) the original amine from which the diazonium salt was prepared, and (6) the amino derivative of the amine or phenol with which the diazonium salt was coupled. For example, amino-azobenzene on complete reduction gives one equivalent of aniline, and one of p-phenylene diamine, NHaCeH NH benzene-azo-2-naphthoI similarly gives one equivalent of aniline and one of... 

For molecules similar to safrole or allylbenzene we take the work done on any terminal alkene such as 1-heptene, 1 octene. Another term to look for is olefin which is a term for a doublebond containing species. What we then look for are articles about these olefins where the functional groups we are looking for are formed. Articles with terminology like methyl ketones from (P2P), ketones from , amines from etc. Or when we want to see about new ways to aminate a ketone (make final product from P2P) we look for any article about ketones where amines are formed. Sound like science fiction to you Well, how do you think we came up with half the recipes in this book It works ... 

The double bond of maleic anhydride may undergo free radical polymerization with the proper initiator. Polymers of maleic anhydride (or copolymers made with another monomer) are commercially available (Polysciences). They consist of a linear hydrocarbon backbone (formed from the polymerization of the vinyl groups) with cyclic anhydrides repeating along the chain. Such polymers are highly reactive toward amine-containing molecules. 

Condensation of the carbonyl function with an amine from a second 1,2-diaminoethane molecule coupled with a repeat of the initial reaction sequence will lead to the cyclic product. It is of interest that this is one case in which the synthesis will also proceed in the absence of a metal ion. Starting from a mono-protonated salt of 1,2-diaminoethane in acetone, the metal-free condensation may proceed via a reaction such as [2.7], Once again, a hydrogen-bonding network may act as a template for the reaction and also serve to stabilize the product once it is formed. A revised synthesis of the metal-free ligand (61) has been published (Hay,... 

Fig. 8). Signals from molecules with ratios of anhydride (A)/diisopropanol-amine (D) of n n and n (n-b 1) were predominantly observed. Other signals, for example composed of n (n+2), n (n+3), etc., indicative of the reaction proceeding via pathway C in Fig. 6 (observed abundantly in resins made of diethanolamine) appeared only in minor amounts. The signals with n n ratios of an-hydride/diisopropanolamine, also present in minor amounts (usually between 5% and 20%) compared to the n (n-i-1), can be ascribed to cycle formation [14]. The relative abundance of these perspective peak series varied considerably with the monomer ratios, i. e., molecular weights and the type of cyclic anhy-... 

Crown ethers and cryptands show much of the same functional group chemistry as simple ether- or amine-containing molecules. The remarkable reactivity of these macropolycyclic species is primarily derived not from the composition of functional groups but from their three-dimensional arrangement. The important property of strong cation complexation is determined by the topology of the cavity defined by the ether and amine groups in the molecular superstructure. 

Helary and Fontanille 1781 have studied the influence of the tertiary amine crown molecule tetramethyltetraazocyclotetradecane (TMTA) upon the propagation of poly(styryl)lithium in cyclohexane at 20 °C using a rapid calorimetric procedure. The complexing agent, employed at a [TMTA] [Li] ratio of unity, caused a shift of the absorption maximum from 326 to 345 nm, indicating an increase in interionic separation it was presumed that, under these conditions, there is no aggregation... 

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