Ethylene derivatives amines

In Robinson s now well-known suggestions, regarding the processes by which alkaloids may be produced in plants, two main reactions are used j the aldol condensation and the similar condensation of carbinol-amines, resulting from the combination of an aldehyde or ketone with ammonia or an amine, and containing the group. C(OH). N., with substances in which the group, CH. CO. is present. By these reactions it is possible to form the alkaloid skeleton, and the further necessary changes postulated include oxidations or reductions and elimination of water for the formation of an aromatic nucleus or of an ethylene derivative. 

Another approach uses reactive alkyl halogen compounds containing a terminal carboxylate group on the other end to form spacer arms off the dextran polymer from each available hydroxyl. In this manner, Brunswick et al. (1988) used chloroacetic acid to modify the hydroxyl groups to form the carboxymethyl derivative. The carboxylates then were aminated with ethylene diamine to create an amine-terminal derivative (Inman, 1985). Finally, the amines were modified with iodoacetate to form a sulfhydryl-reactive polymer (Figure 25.14). 

Pretzer et al. (4) prepared high-performance resins consisting of trimellitic anhydride imide esters derived from ethanol amine, ethylene glycol, and pyromellitic dianhydride that were used in applications requiring good mechanical properties and heat and fire resistance. 

Several chemical approaches may be used to form the amine- or carboxyl-terminal dextran derivative. The simplest procedure may be to prepare polyaldehyde dextran according to the procedure of Section 2.1, and then make the spacer arm derivative by reductively animating an amine-containing organic compound onto it. For instance, short diamine compounds such as ethylene diamine or diaminodipropylamine (3,3 -iminotepropylamine) can be coupled in excess to polyaldehyde dextran to create an amine-terminal derivative. Carboxyl-terminal derivatives may be prepared similarly by coupling molecules such as 6-aminocaproic acid or p-alanine to polyaldehyde... 

Figure 388 An amine terminal derivative of dextran may be prepared through a two-step process involving the reaction of chloroacetic acid with the hydroxyl groups of the polymer to create carboxylates. Next, ethylene diamine is coupled using a carbodiimide-mediated reaction to give the primary amine functional groups.

Fig. 7.19. Transamination of unpaired cytosine with a bifunctional amine (ethylene diamine) is catalyzed by sodium bisulfite. The primary amino groups on the cytosine derivatives can then be coupled with, e.g., SCN- or NHS-ligands.

Tert. amines from ethylene derivatives s. 1, 291 C C —> CHCNRR ... 

Hydrogenation of ethylene derivatives with simultaneous formation of amines from nitro compounds... 

Ethylene derivatives from oximes via amines Hofmann degradation of quaternary ammonium salts... 

Ethylene derivatives from amines Ethers from phenols... 

PotassiumI alcohol Amines or alkoxy compounds from ethylene derivatives Effect of solvent... 

Pyrrolidines from ethylene derivs. and amine oxides O... 

Borane-tetrahydrofuranitrimethylsilyl azide Prim, amines from ethylene derivs. under neutral conditions... 

Nitro compounds from amines—Oxido compounds from ethylene derivatives s. 17,151... 

Sodium hydroxide/dimethyl sulfate Ethylene derivatives from tert. amines... 

Potassium hydroxide Ethylene derivatives from amines... 

Thermal decomposition of quaternary ammonium hydroxides Tert. amines and ethylene derivatives s. 18, 993 Tert. amines from quaternary ammonium salts s. 16, 728... 

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