Amine hydrazine alkyl

Some Aromatic Amines, Hydrazine and Related Substances, N-Nitroso Compounds and Miscellaneous Alkylating Agents... 

I ARC (1974) lARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man, Vol. 4, Some Aromatic Amines, Hydrazine and Related Substances, N-Nitroso Compounds and Miscellaneaous Alkylating Agents, Lyon, pp. 271-276... 

Although the compounds in which R" is alkyl can be prepared more readily by the simple Mannich reaction, this sequence is useful for nitrogen compounds such as aromatic amines, hydrazines, and hydroxylamine which do not ordinarily enter into the Mannich reaction. These intermediates react cleanly with mercaptans (21) and with dimercaptans (17) to produce compounds of the type XVI and XVII. 

Synthesis of primary amines by alkylation of the potassium salt of phthalimide, followed by displacement of the amine by hydrazine, (p. 922)... 

Sec- and fert-acyclic and cyclic amines A-Alkyl and N,A-dialkylarylamines Hydrazines Primary amines... 

The replacement reaetion by poly functional nitrogen-containing derivatives, in particular, makes it possible to introduce multiple RCH2 groups into the same molecule. Thus, the reaction of indole Mannich bases with ammonia y ields bis- and tris-(3-indolyl) amines. Likewise, primary amines, hydrazine, and hydroxylamine can be bis-alkylated by several Mannich bases. 

The preparation of the silylated amines, hydrazines, and hydroxylamines follows conventional synthetic methods established previously for species with fully or partially alkylated silyl groups. The low moleeular masses and the absence of substituent branching lead to new physical properties, however, which make the simple hydrogen-rich molecules attractive for vapour phase technology. 

Aromatic nitro groups Aromatic rings N-oxides Alkyl hydrazines Alkyl aldehydes N-methyl derivatives Monoalkenes p-Haloethyl mustards N-Chloroamines Alkyl N-nitrosoamines Alkyl esters of either phosphoric or sulfonic adds Aromatic mono- and dialkylamino groups Aromatic azo groups (because of possible reduction to aromatic amines) Aromatic and aliphatic aziridinyl derivatives Aromatic and aliphatic substituted primary alkyl halides Aromatic amines (including their N-hydroxy derivatives and the derived esters Propriolactones and propriosultones Derivatives of urethane (carbamates) Aliphatic and aromatic epoxides... 

The exposure of electron-rich species such as amines, hydrazines, or enolate anions to an oxidant results in ET, which generates a free (or metal-bonded) radical or radical cation [91]. Eor example, the oxidation of a-alkyl p-ketoester (112) with Mn results in enolization to yield 113 in the ratedetermining step, and this is followed by ET to form the electrophilic radical 114 [92] (Scheme 9.14). In the HAS reaction, cyclohexadienyl radicals 115 are oxidized by Mn(OAc)j to cation 116, which by deprotonation regenerates the aromatic system 117. 

In addition to diazonium salts, there are many other species that are able, once electrochemicaUy activated, to modify the surface with aromatics, unsaturated and saturated groups. These surface modifications can be achieved by (i) oxidation (amines, hydrazines, alcohols, carboxylates, carbamates, carbanions, Grignard reagents) (ii) reduction, some being closely related to diazonium salts (iodoniums, sulfonium) and other different species (vinylics, alkyl halide) (iii) spontaneously, chemically or pho-tochemically (alcenes, azides, peroxides). Note that electrochemical oxidation methods can be applied only to the materials that can withstand quite positive potentials such as carbon or Pt. This section will describe these modifications [357]. 

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