Amides alkanamides

N,N-Dialkylalkanamides Cyclic N-Alkylamides Cyclic N-Acylamines Cyclic N-Acylaminoethers N,N-Dialkylimidazolidinone derivatives N-Alkylalkanamides Cyclic amides Alkanamides Nitrocompounds Nitroalkanes Nitroarenes Nitrobenzene Thlazole derivatives 1,3-Thiazole Sulfonamides... 

An interesting selectivity, that appears to be fairly general, is observed in the catalytic hydrogenation of 2-fluoro-2-nitroalkanoates and -alkanamides 15 and 17, respectively. Both substituents are reduced in the esters, while in the amides only fluorine is replaced, despite using various catalysts. The parent functional group remains untouched in all of the reductions. 140... 

The naming of amides is summarized in Section 7-7D. The points to remember are that they generally are named either as (i) alkanamides, in which the prefix alkan(e) is determined by the longest carbon chain that includes the... 

The mechanism of retention on chiral phases that is based on multiple hydrogen bonding formation involves the formation of base pairs and triple hydrogen bonds between the solutes and the chiral stationary phase 95 Fundamental work in this area has been done by Hara and Dobashi,96 97 using amino acid amide and tartaric acid amide phases. In addition, N,N -2,6-pyridinediyl bis(alkanamides) chemically bonded to silica gel have been described for the resolution of barbiturates 95... 

Amides are the derivatives of the carboxylic acids. In amides the carboxylic acid is linked with ammonia or an amine. Like esters, the parent carboxylic acid is identified. This is then termed an alkanamide and includes the nitrogen atom. For example, linking ethanoic acid with ammonia gives ethanamide ... 

If the carboxylic acid is linked with an amine, then the amide will have alkyl groups on the nitrogen. These are considered as alkyl substituents and come at the beginning of the name. The symbol N is used to show that the substituents are on the nitrogen and not some other part of the alkanamide skeleton. For example, the structure in the following figure is named N-ethylethanamide ... 

A new method for the preparation of 3-methylene-azetidine-2-one using 2,4,6-tri-isopropylbenzenesulfonylhydrazone has recently been reported by Barrett and coworkers63. The a-lithioacrylate 137 is generated on treatment of the 2,4,6-tri-isopropylbenzenesulfonylhydrazone of an a-keto amide (136) with excess of buLi in DME. The reactions of 137 with aldehydes give 3-hydroxy-2-(methylene)alkanamides 138, which on treatment with tosyl chloride in THF give the 3-methylene-/Mactams 139 in good yields (equation 76)63. 

Alkanamide (-amide replaces the -oic acid ending of the I.U.P.A.C. name of carboxylic acid) Alkanamide (-amide replaces the -ic acid ending of the common name of carboxylic acid)... 

Sulfur controlled radical cyclization of A -ethenyl-a-bromo-alkanamides occurs in a A-exo-trig manner to give the trans-3,A-Rhodium catalyzed carbene insertion reactions are very useful for the preparation of bicyclic P-lactams but are little used to form monocyclic p-lactams. High yields and exceptional stereocontrol are achieved when a-diazo-amides are decomposed in the presence of rhodium(II) catalysts to give (63) (93BMC2409). 

In Summary Carboxylic amides are named as alkanamides or as lactams if they are cyclic. They can be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids by acid or base and reduced to amines by lithium aluminum hydride. Reduction by bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum hydride (diisobutylaluminum hydride) stops at the aldehyde stage. 

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