Allochthonous dissolved organic matter organics

Sources, Production, and Regulation of Allochthonous Dissolved Organic Matter Inputs to Surface Waters... 

Tranvik L. J. 1992. Allochthonous dissolved organic matter as an energy source for pelagic bacteria and the concept of the microbial loop. FFydrobiologia 229 107-114. 

Aitkenhead-Peterson, J. A., McDowell, W. H., and Neff, J. C. (2003). Sources, production, and regulation of allochthonous dissolved organic matter inputs to surface waters. In Aquatic Ecosystems—Interactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter, Findlay, S. E. G., and Sinsabaugh, R. L., eds., Academic Press, Amsterdam, pp. 25-70. 

Shank, GC., Skrabal, S.A., Whitehead, R.F., and Kieber, RJ. (2004a) Strong copper complexation in an organic-rich estuary the importance of allochthonous dissolved organic matter. Mar. Chem. 88, 21-39. 

R.D. Vinebrook, P.R. Leavitt (1998). Direct and interactive effects of allochthonous dissolved organic matter, inorganic nutrients, and ultraviolet radiation on an alpine littoral food web. Limnol. Oceanogr., 43,1065-1081. 

Aitkenhead-Peterson, J.A., McDOwell, W.H., and Neff, J.C. (2003). Sources, production and regulation of allochthonous dissolved organic matter inputs to surface waters. 

Fellman, J.B., Hood, E., Edwards, R.T., and Jones, J.B. (2009b). Uptake of allochthonous dissolved organic matter from soil and sahnon in coastal temperate rainforest streams. Ecosystems, 12,747-759. 

Recent investigations provide new insight on the structural chemistry of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in freshwater environments and the role of these structures in contaminant binding. Molecular models of DOM derived from allochthonous and autochthonous sources show that short-chain, branched, and alicyclic structures are terminated by carboxyl or methyl groups in DOM from both sources. Allochthonous DOM, however, had aromatic structures indicative of tannin and lignin residues, whereas the autochthonous DOM was characterized by aliphatic alicyclic structures indicative of lipid hydrocarbons as the source. DOM isolated from different morphoclimatic regions had minor structural differences. 

While specific compounds such as siderophores have been found in natural waters, the bulk of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) is made up of relatively refractory compounds known as humic substances. These substances exhibit complex, ill-defined structures with the actual structure depending markedly on the source of the organic material. DOM in the open ocean is almost entirely authochthonous and formed by condensation, polymerisation and partial oxidation of smaller molecules such as triglycerides, sugars and amino acids and exhibits very little aromatic character [78]. In contrast, the DOM in fresh and coastal waters is largely allochthonous and derived... 

Hiriart-Baer, V.R, Diep, N., and Smith, R.E.H. (2008). Dissolved organic matter in the Great Lakes Role and nature of allochthonous material. J. Great Lakes Res., 34,383-394. 

Direction 2. A large portion, usually >90%, of the organic matter imported from allochthonous and littoral/wetland sources to these aquatic ecosystems is predominantly in dissolved or colloidal form. Although a portion of the dissolved organic compounds may aggregate and shift to a particulate and hence gravitoidal form that may sediment out of the water, most of the imported dissolved organic matter is dispersed within the water... 

The general pools of organic matter in estuaries can be divided into particulate (>0.45 pm) and dissolved (<0.45 pm) fractions (POM and DOM). The dominant living and nonliving (detritus) sources of organic matter to estuaries can be divided into allochthonous and autochthonous pools—sources produced outside and within the boundaries of the estuary proper, respectively. These pools can further be divided into heterotrophs and autotrophs. 

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