Alkyl nitrile complex

HEXAHALOGENO SALTS AND ALKYL NITRILE COMPLEXES OF TITANIUM(IV), ZIRCONIUM(IV), NIOBIUM(V), TANTALUM(V), PROTACTINIUM (IV) AND -(V), THORIUM(IV), AND URANIUM(IV)... 

Because the halides and the alkyl nitrile complexes are prone to hydrolysis, either a dry-box or a vacuum-line procedure must be used. 

First stage of reaction essentially comprise of an attack on the substrate (i.e., an aromatic hydrocarbon) by another species containing the nitrile and HCl (and also the Lewis acid, if present) to produce a corresponding imine salt. The possible and probable attacking species could be either an imine carbanion or a zinc chloride alkyl nitrile complex. 

Molybdenum pentachloride forms mixed complexes and oxychloride adducts with several donors. Thus, the adducts with pyridine, bipyridyl and alkyl nitriles are MoCl4(py)2, MoCRObipy) and MoCR(RCN)2, respectively. 

The nitrile complexes cis- and rrans-[PtCl2(RCN)2] (R = alkyl or aryl) are convenient starting materials for the synthesis of different platinum... 

Since the alkyl nitrile (normally acetonitrile) is itself generally used as solvent, it is not always essential for the complexes to be isolated. Solutions formed by many halides in the alkyl nitrile can be used directly for the preparation of the halide complexes. It is often more convenient to store the complexes than the halides themselves, however, and in some instances [Th(IV)] it is advantageous if the complexes are isolated. Thus... 

Compound CuClPhNC is also known. By contrast, similar acetonitrile complexes are easily air oxidized, but they can be prepared by reducing CuXg (X = Cl, Br) with copper in MeCN (230) several alkyl or aryl nitriles complex with CuCl (290). 

Vinylic copper reagents react with CICN to give vinyl cyanides, although BrCN and ICN give the vinylic halide instead. Vinylic cyanides have also been prepared by the reaction between vinylic lithium compounds and phenyl cyanate (PhOCN). " Alkyl nitriles (RCN) have been prepared, in varying yields, by treatment of sodium trialkylcyanoborates with NaCN and lead tetraacetate. Vinyl bromides reacted with KCN, in the presence of a nickel complex and zinc metal to give the vinyl nitrile. Vinyl triflates react with LiCN, in the presence of a palladium catalyst, to give the vinyl nitrile. ... 

Other Nitrile Complexes. While similar additions of iron (i) and rhodium (11) hydrides to acrylonitrile to form 1-cyanoethylmetal complexes have been reported, 2-cyanoethylmetal complexes also form in certain cases (43, 51). Organotin hydrides may add to acrylonitrile in either direction, depending on the conditions of the reaction (25). Formation of the 2-cyanoalkyltin adduct apparently involves a radical mechanism, whereas a polar mechanism is operative in forming the 1-cyano-alkyl adduct. A four-center transition state was not considered probable in the latter case. 

Several new complexes of iminophosphoranes have been reported by Cavell and co-workers (Scheme 9). Reaction of dimethyl zinc with bis- trimethylsilyl-imino-diphenylphosphorano methane (61) yields zinc complex (62) via elimination of methane. Complex (62) did not react with adamantyl nitrile or isonitrile but does undergo nucleophilic addition reactions with hetereroallenes such as carbodiimides and isocyanates. Thus, treatment of (62) with adamantyl isocyanate produces the novel tripodal alkyl zinc complex (63). Iminophos-phorane (61) reacts with [Sm(NCy2)3(THF)] and tetrakis(benzyl)zirconium(IV)... 

Phenol-ketone novolacs 1487, 1488 Phenol-nitrile complexes 377 Phenol radical cations 1101 fragmentation of 289-291 Phenols—see also Biphenols, Bis-phenols, Hydroxybenzenes, Polyphenols acidities of, gas-phase 310-312 acylation of 629-632, 933, 934 Lewis acid catalyzed 631 montmoriUonite-catalyzed 632 pyridine-catalyzed 631 adsorption of 944 alkylation of 606-629, 941 Brdnsted acid catalyzed 612 Lewis acid catalyzed 607-611 solid acid catalyzed 612-621 stereoselective 621-626 under supercritical conditions 621 as antioxidants 139-143, 840-901 ort/io-substituted 845 thermochemistry of 139, 140, 179 autoxidation of 1118, 1119 bromination of 649-651 jr-cation interaction of 322 chlorination of 649 comparison with isoelectronic methyl, amino and fluoro aromatic derivatives 226... 

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