Kumada cross-coupling reactions alkyl halides

Hayashi, T., Konishi, M., Kumada, M. Dichloro[1,1 -bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(ll) an effective catalyst for cross-coupling reaction of a secondary alkyl Grignard reagent with organic halides. Tetrahedron Lett. 1979,1871-1874. 

K. Tamao, Y. Kiso, K. Sumitani, M. Kumada, AUcyl group isomerization in cross-coupling reaction of secondary alkyl grignard-reagents with organic halides in presence of nickel-phosphine complexes as catalysts, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 9268. 

Representative examples of the application of Pd/PCy3 to Kumada-Mura-hashi couplings of primary alkyl chlorides are illustrated in Table 8 (entries 1-5). In contrast to most other palladium-based methods for cross-coupling alkyl electrophiles, the reaction proceeds well even for a p-branched alkyl halide (entry 2). 

These transition elements are Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, Cu and Ag. These metal catalysts have respective characteristics. For example, the representative catalytic actions are as follows silver is for alkyl-alkyl homo-coupling, copper is for cross-coupling, nickel and iron are for cross-coupling containing unsaturated halides such alkenyl and aryl halides [56]. These basic reaction examples are shown in eqs. (4.28)-(4.32) [55,56]. Kumada el al. synthesized many compounds as ligands which have... 

---