Alkane production, hydrogen donor solvent

Finally, with respect to the H-acceptor properties of the solvents (a-term), water and n-octanol are quite similar. Therefore, for a hydrogen-bonding solute like 4-BuPh, the corresponding product, a-(a), is close to zero. This is not the case for the hexadecane-water system where loss of hydrogen bonding in this alkane solvent causes both the H-acceptor and H-donor terms to contribute factors of about 100 to 4-BuPh s value of K. ... 

Depending on the solvent, supporting electrolyte, electrode material, and potential, it is possible to electrogenerate either alkyl radicals or carbanions, which can lead to the formation of dimers (R2), alkanes (RH), and olefins [R(-H)]. In addition, the solvent (SH) can act as a hydrogen atom donor or a proton donor. Also olefins can arise from the base-promoted dehydrohalogenation of RX, and other products (RB) can be formed via displacement of halide from RX by a base (B"). When cathode materials such as... 

Sol 2. Initial step of the reaction involves an intramolecular hexadehydro-Diels—Alder (HDDA) reaction to give a highly reactive benzyne intermediate. In the absence of external trapping reagents, the benzyne intermediate can simultaneously accept two vicinal hydrogen atoms from a suitable alkane 2H-donor, often the reaction solvent. This desaturates the donor alkane, forming an alkene, and traps the benzyne to a dihydrobenzenoid product... 

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