Alexa dye

Organic dyes like fluorescein and TRITC and the majority of NIR fluorophores suffer from poor photostability [77]. In addition, many NIR dyes, such as clinically approved indocyanine green (ICG) reveal poor thermal stability in aqueous solution [78]. Moreover, the presence of ozone can result in dye decomposition as observed for Cy5 [79]. In the last years, many organic dyes like the Alexa dyes have been... 

We have measured the fluorescence spectram emitted from the anti-resonantly excited Alexa dye in the fluidic channel with a chip-size spectrometer as discussed above and with a conventional spectrometer (see Fig.6). The spectra are normalized to their 633nm intensity in order to ease comparison. Both show a sharp peak at 532nm caused by scattered excitation light and a broad peak around 633nm from the Alexa fluorescence. In... 

Fig. 6. Comparison of the fluorescence spectra from Alexa dye obtained measured with conventional spectrometer and a chip-size wavelength detector...

Panchuk-Voloshina N, Haugland RP, Bishop-Stewart J, Bhalgat MK, Millard PJ, Mao F, Leung WY, Haugland RP (1999) Alexa dyes, a series of new fluorescent dyes that yield... 

ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA) or with the corresponding Alexa dyes (1 200 dilution in TBS Invitrogen, Molecular Probes) (see Tables 1 and 2, Notes 5 and 6). 

Streptavidin-fluorochrome conjugates provide higher sensitivity than two-step indirect techniques. The use of Alexa dyes instead of the traditional fluorochromes enhances brightness and detection sensitivity of immunofluorescence methods several-fold (12). 

Prepare everything at 4°C and protect the Alexa dye as good as possible from incident light see Notes 1 and 2). 

In order to improve the limit of detection obtained by the Alexa-EF-CPMV-antibody complex, it is necessary to further increase the overall dye-to-virus ratio. In order to achieve this we developed an alternative scheme, which used a double CPMV mutant (DM-CPMV 228/2102), containing 120 surface thiols, to increase the number of dyes-per-viras. In this scheme the DM-CPMV is first modified with the GMBS functionalized antibody, in this case sheep-anti-SEB, and then the Alexa-dye. However, imlike in the initial scheme, both the antibody and the Alexa dye target the surface thiol groups. The final ratio of... 

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