Aldoximes carboxylic acid amide

Carboxylic acid amides from aldoximes CH NOH —>- CONHj... 

Carboxylic acid amides from aldoximes s. 17, 211 GH NOH GONHg... 

Notably, nitrile-degrading enzymes (e.g. nitrilase that converts the CN group to carboxylic acid, and nitrile hydratase that produces an amide function) have been described, and they co-exist with aldoxime-degrading enzymes in bacteria (Reference 111 and references cited therein). Smdies in this area led to the proposal that the aldoxime-nitrile pathway, which is implemented in synthesis of drugs and fine chemicals, occurs as a natural enzymic pathway. It is of interest that the enzyme responsible for bacterial conversion of Af-hydroxy-L-phenylalanine to phenacetylaldoxime, an oxidative decarboxylation reaction, lacks heme or flavin groups which are found in plant or human enzymes that catalyze the same reaction. Its dependency on pyridoxal phosphate raised the possibility that similar systems may also be present in plants . 

The azolides are able to participate in a wide variety of nucleophilic olysis reactions which form aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides, thiol esters, hydrazides and anhydrides (Scheme 143). In addition, 1-trifluoroacetylimidazole (252) is a convenient reagent for the conversion of aldoximes into nitriles (Scheme 144) (81601579). 

Nitriles are commonly available from aldoximes (aldehydes) and amides (carboxylic acids) by dehydration, from alkyl halides by nucleophilic substitution, and from primary amines by oxidation. It is therefore not surprising that these... 

Many organosilanes have been employed over the years as crosslinkers speed of reaction, the nature of the byproducts, and cost have been major factors in the selection of systems for commercialization. Crosslinker silanes that have been employed are those that afford as byproducts alcohols,carboxylic acids, amines, ketoximes, aldoximes, and amides.Examples of some of these organosilanes are shown below ... 

The rearrangement of oximes 1 under the influence of acidic reagents to yield A -substituted carboxylic amides 2, is called the Beckmann rearrangement. The reaction is usually applied to ketoximes aldoximes often are less reactive. 

---